Skanda Purana — Nagara Khanda, Shloka 25

Devanagari script

तिथयः पंच यामार्द्धं सोमवारेण संगतम् । वैष्णवेन तु वर्षेण दिनं माहेश्वरं भवेत्

Transliteration

tithayaḥ paṃca yāmārddhaṃ somavāreṇa saṃgatam | vaiṣṇavena tu varṣeṇa dinaṃ māheśvaraṃ bhavet

Translation

Cinco tithis, juntamente com meio yāma, quando unidos à segunda-feira—pela medida de um ano vaiṣṇava—tornam-se um “dia māheśvara”.

Word by Word

• तिथयः: lunar days (tithis)
• तिथयः: Karta (Subject/कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: तिथि (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: स्त्रीलिङ्ग, प्रथमा-विभक्ति (1st/Nominative), बहुवचन

• पञ्च: five
• पञ्च: Visheshana (Qualifier/विशेषण)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: पञ्च (संख्या-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: अव्ययवत् संख्या-शब्दः; विशेषणम् (तिथयः इति) — 'five'

• यामार्धम्: half a yāma (watch)
• यामार्धम्: Karma (Object/कर्म)
• Type: Noun
• Root: याम (प्रातिपदिक) + अर्ध (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, द्वितीया-विभक्ति (2nd/Accusative), एकवचन; समासः—तत्पुरुष (यामस्य अर्धम्)

• सोमवारेण: with Monday
• सोमवारेण: Karana (Instrument/करण)
• Type: Noun
• Root: सोमवार (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, तृतीया-विभक्ति (3rd/Instrumental), एकवचन

• संगतम्: combined
• संगतम्: Karma (Object-complement/कर्म-विशेषण)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: सम् + गम् (धातु)
• Form: भूतकृदन्त (क्त/PPP), नपुंसकलिङ्ग, प्रथमा/द्वितीया-विभक्ति (1st/2nd Nom/Acc), एकवचन; 'joined/combined'

• वैष्णवेन: by a Vaiṣṇava
• वैष्णवेन: Karana (Instrument/करण)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: वैष्णव (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग/पुंलिङ्ग, तृतीया-विभक्ति (3rd/Instrumental), एकवचन; विशेषणम् (वर्षेण इति)

• तु: but/indeed
• तु: Sambandha (Particle/सम्बन्ध)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: तु (अव्यय)
• Form: अव्यय; निपात (contrast/emphasis particle)

• वर्षेण: by a year
• वर्षेण: Karana (Instrument/करण)
• Type: Noun
• Root: वर्ष (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, तृतीया-विभक्ति (3rd/Instrumental), एकवचन

• दिनम्: a day
• दिनम्: Karta (Subject/कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: दिन (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, प्रथमा/द्वितीया-विभक्ति (1st/2nd Nom/Acc), एकवचन

• माहेश्वरम्: Māheśvara (of Maheśvara/Śiva)
• माहेश्वरम्: Karta (Predicate adjective/कर्तृ-विशेषण)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: माहेश्वर (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, प्रथमा/द्वितीया-विभक्ति (1st/2nd Nom/Acc), एकवचन; विशेषणम् (दिनम् इति)

• भवेत्: would become
• भवेत्: Kriya (Verb/क्रिया)
• Type: Verb
• Root: भू (धातु)
• Form: लिङ्-लकार (Optative), प्रथमपुरुष (3rd person), एकवचन; परस्मैपद

Speaker

Sūta (deduced)

Visual Art Cues

Scene: A cosmic calendar diagram: five tithis and half a yāma depicted as segments merging into a luminous Somavāra moon, transforming into a ‘Māheśvara day’ marked by trident and crescent.

Characters & Entities

• Soma-vāra
• Viṣṇu
• Maheśvara
• Śiva

FAQs

What is the primary spiritual lesson of this shloka?

Purāṇic dharma links devotion to precise sacred time, showing how Vaiṣṇava and Śaiva measures interrelate within one cosmic order.

Which specific holy site (Tirtha) is glorified here?

No specific tīrtha is named; the verse is primarily about sacred time-measurements used in māhātmya settings.

What ritualistic prescription is mentioned?

No direct rite is commanded, but it implies that Monday, tithi-count, and yāma timing can be relevant for Śaiva observance.