Skanda Purana — Kashi Khanda, Shloka 14

Devanagari script

प्रातःस्नात्वा चतुर्थ्यां च संपूज्याचार्यमादृतः । वस्त्रैराभरणैर्माल्यैर्दक्षिणाभिर्मुदान्वितौ

Transliteration

prātaḥsnātvā caturthyāṃ ca saṃpūjyācāryamādṛtaḥ | vastrairābharaṇairmālyairdakṣiṇābhirmudānvitau

Translation

No dia de Caturthī, após o banho ao amanhecer, devem venerar o mestre com reverência e, com alegria, honrá-lo com vestes, ornamentos, guirlandas e dakṣiṇā (dádivas).

Word by Word

• प्रातः: in the morning
• प्रातः: Kriya-visheshana (Adverbial/क्रियाविशेषण)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: प्रातः (अव्यय)
• Form: कालवाचक-अव्यय (adverb of time)

• स्नात्वा: having bathed
• स्नात्वा: Purvakala (Prior action/पूर्वकाल)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: √स्ना (धातु)
• Form: क्त्वान्त-अव्यय (gerund): ‘having bathed’

• चतुर्थ्याम्: on the fourth lunar day
• चतुर्थ्याम्: Adhikarana (Locus/अधिकरण)
• Type: Noun
• Root: चतुर्थी (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: स्त्रीलिङ्ग, सप्तमी (7th/सप्तमी), एकवचन; तिथिवाचक

• च: and
• च: Samuccaya (Connector/समुच्चय)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: च (अव्यय)
• Form: समुच्चयार्थक-अव्यय (conjunction)

• संपूज्य: having worshipped fully
• संपूज्य: Purvakala (Prior action/पूर्वकाल)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: सम् + √पूज् (धातु)
• Form: क्त्वान्त-अव्यय (gerund): ‘having duly worshipped’

• आचार्यम्: the teacher
• आचार्यम्: Karma (Object/कर्म)
• Type: Noun
• Root: आचार्य (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, द्वितीया (2nd/द्वितीया), एकवचन

• आदृतः: being respectful
• आदृतः: Karta (Subject/कर्ता)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: आ + √दृ (धातु) + क्त / आदृत (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st/प्रथमा), एकवचन; क्त-प्रत्ययान्त कृदन्त; ‘respectful/attentive’

• वस्त्रैः: with clothes
• वस्त्रैः: Karana (Instrument/करण)
• Type: Noun
• Root: वस्त्र (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, तृतीया (3rd/तृतीया), बहुवचन

• आभरणैः: with ornaments
• आभरणैः: Karana (Instrument/करण)
• Type: Noun
• Root: आभरण (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, तृतीया (3rd/तृतीया), बहुवचन

• माल्यैः: with garlands
• माल्यैः: Karana (Instrument/करण)
• Type: Noun
• Root: माल्य (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, तृतीया (3rd/तृतीया), बहुवचन

• दक्षिणाभिः: with gifts/fees (dakṣiṇā)
• दक्षिणाभिः: Karana (Instrument/करण)
• Type: Noun
• Root: दक्षिणा (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: स्त्रीलिङ्ग, तृतीया (3rd/तृतीया), बहुवचन

• मुदान्वितौ: endowed with joy
• मुदान्वितौ: Visheshana (Qualifier/विशेषण)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: मुदा + अन्वित (प्रातिपदिक; √इ (धातु) + क्त)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st/प्रथमा), द्विवचन; क्त-प्रत्ययान्त कृदन्त ‘अन्वित’; समासः—तत्पुरुषः (मुदया अन्वितौ)

Speaker

Skanda (deduced; Kāśīkhaṇḍa context typically Skanda to Agastya)

Tirtha Mahatmya

Tirtha: Gaṅgā in Kāśī

Type: ghat

Visual Art Cues

Scene: At dawn on Caturthī, the couple emerges from the Ganga, then approaches the seated ācārya with trays of garlands, folded cloth, ornaments, and dakṣiṇā, faces bright with joy.

Characters & Entities

• Caturthī
• ācārya
• dakṣiṇā
• Kāśī

FAQs

What is the primary spiritual lesson of this shloka?

A vow becomes complete through purity (snāna), reverence to the guru, and joyful charity.

Which specific holy site (Tirtha) is glorified here?

Kāśī is the overarching sacred landscape where dawn-bathing and guru-worship are framed as powerful dharmic acts.

What ritualistic prescription is mentioned?

Prātaḥ-snāna on Caturthī and ācārya-pūjā with vastra, ābharaṇa, mālya, and dakṣiṇā.