Skanda Purana — Avanti Khanda, Shloka 157

Devanagari script

भुक्तोत्थितौ तु विश्राम्य शय्यासु च क्षमापयेत् । गुरुमूलं यतः सर्वं गुरुर्ज्ञेयो महेश्वरः

Transliteration

bhuktotthitau tu viśrāmya śayyāsu ca kṣamāpayet | gurumūlaṃ yataḥ sarvaṃ gururjñeyo maheśvaraḥ

Translation

Depois de terem comido e se levantado, fazendo-os repousar em leitos, deve-se pedir-lhes perdão; pois todo o dharma tem sua raiz no guru — o guru deve ser conhecido como o próprio Maheśvara.

Word by Word

• bhukta: having eaten
• bhukta: Kāla/Avadhāraṇa (Temporal qualifier)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: bhuj (धातु) → bhukta (कृदन्त)
• Form: भुज्-धातोः क्त-प्रत्ययान्त कृदन्त (past passive participle); नपुंसकलिङ्गे प्रथमा/द्वितीया एकवचनम् (समासपूर्वपदत्वात् अव्यक्त-विभक्ति)

• utthitau: (two) having risen
• utthitau: Karta (Subject)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: ut-√sthā (धातु) → utthita (कृदन्त)
• Form: उत्+स्था-धातोः क्त-प्रत्ययान्त कृदन्त; पुल्लिङ्गे प्रथमा द्विवचनम्

• tu: but/indeed
• tu: Sambandha (Discourse particle)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: tu (अव्यय)
• Form: निपात (particle); विरोध/अन्वयार्थे

• viśrāmya: having rested
• viśrāmya: Kriyāviśeṣaṇa (Adverbial qualifier)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: vi-√śram (धातु) → viśrāmya (क्त्वान्त)
• Form: क्त्वा-प्रत्ययान्त अव्ययीभावरूप (gerund); पूर्वक्रिया

• śayyāsu: on the beds
• śayyāsu: Adhikaraṇa (Locative)
• Type: Noun
• Root: śayyā (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: स्त्रीलिङ्ग; सप्तमी विभक्ति; बहुवचनम्

• ca: and
• ca: Sambandha (Connector)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: ca (अव्यय)
• Form: समुच्चयार्थक अव्यय (conjunction)

• kṣamāpayet: should cause (them) to forgive / should ask forgiveness
• kṣamāpayet: Kriyā (Action)
• Type: Verb
• Root: kṣamāpay (धातु; णिच्)
• Form: लोट्-लकार (imperative); परस्मैपदम्; प्रथमपुरुषः; एकवचनम्; णिजन्त (causative)

• guru-mūlam: having the guru as the root
• guru-mūlam: Karma/Viśeṣya (Object/Predicate nominal)
• Type: Noun
• Root: guru (प्रातिपदिक) + mūla (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: षष्ठी-तत्पुरुषः (गुरोः मूलम्); नपुंसकलिङ्ग; प्रथमा/द्वितीया एकवचनम्

• yataḥ: because/from which
• yataḥ: Hetu (Cause)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: yataḥ (अव्यय)
• Form: सम्बन्धबोधक अव्यय (causal relative adverb)

• sarvam: everything
• sarvam: Karta/Viśeṣya (Subject/Totality)
• Type: Noun
• Root: sarva (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग; प्रथमा/द्वितीया एकवचनम्

• guruḥ: the guru
• guruḥ: Karta (Subject)
• Type: Noun
• Root: guru (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुल्लिङ्ग; प्रथमा विभक्ति; एकवचनम्

• jñeyaḥ: is to be known/recognized
• jñeyaḥ: Vidhi (Injunctive predicate)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: √jñā (धातु) → jñeya (कृदन्त)
• Form: ज्ञा-धातोः यत्-प्रत्ययान्त (gerundive/obligatory); पुल्लिङ्ग; प्रथमा एकवचनम्

• maheśvaraḥ: Mahēśvara (Śiva)
• maheśvaraḥ: Samānādhikaraṇa (Apposition)
• Type: Noun
• Root: maheśvara (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुल्लिङ्ग; प्रथमा विभक्ति; एकवचनम्

Speaker

Sūta (Lomaharṣaṇa) to the sages (deduced: Āvantya Khaṇḍa narrative style)

Tirtha Mahatmya

Tirtha: Revā-kṣetra (Narmadā tīrthas)

Type: kshetra

Skanda Dialogue

Listener: null

Visual Art Cues

Scene: A pilgrim-householder respectfully attends a seated guru after a meal, arranging a clean bed and then bowing with folded hands to ask pardon; subtle Śiva-aura behind the guru to indicate Maheśvara-identification.

Characters & Entities

• Guru
• Maheśvara (Śiva)

FAQs

What is the primary spiritual lesson of this shloka?

The guru is the foundation of spiritual life; honoring the guru with service and humility is equivalent to honoring Śiva.

Which specific holy site (Tirtha) is glorified here?

The verse is doctrinal (guru-tattva) rather than site-specific, within the Revā Khaṇḍa’s tīrtha-oriented framework.

What ritualistic prescription is mentioned?

Provide rest after feeding, and formally request forgiveness—an etiquette of guru-sevā and pūjā completion.