उल्कापाताः सनिर्घाता भूमिकम्पस्तथैव च । पतते पांशुवर्षं च निर्घोषश्चैव दारुणः
ulkāpātāḥ sanirghātā bhūmikampastathaiva ca | patate pāṃśuvarṣaṃ ca nirghoṣaścaiva dāruṇaḥ
Caem meteoros com estrondos de trovão; a terra também estremece. Chove poeira, e um rugido terrível ressoa.
Mārkaṇḍeya
Scene: A darkened sky streaked with meteors; thunderclouds split by lightning; the ground fissures with quake-lines; a curtain of dust falls like rain; an unseen roar suggested by vibrating air and fleeing birds.
The cosmos itself signals impermanence; recognizing such signs encourages detachment and dharmic preparedness.
None; this verse lists universal omens of dissolution rather than a localized tīrtha.
None; it is descriptive—enumerating signs (nimittas) of pralaya.