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Shiva Purana — Vayaviya Samhita, Shloka 34

सत्याः पुनस्तपश्चर्या — Satī’s Return to Austerity (Tapas) and Fearless Liṅga-Worship

ब्रह्मोवाच । एतावता किमर्थेन तीव्रं देवि तपः कृतम् । स्वेच्छैव किमपर्याप्ता क्रीडेयं हि तवेदृशी

brahmovāca | etāvatā kimarthena tīvraṃ devi tapaḥ kṛtam | svecchaiva kimaparyāptā krīḍeyaṃ hi tavedṛśī

Brahmā disse: “Ó Deusa, com que propósito empreendeste austeridades tão severas até este ponto? Não basta a tua própria vontade livre? Pois um jogo assim, em verdade, convém a alguém como tu.”

ब्रह्माBrahmā
ब्रह्मा:
Karta (कर्ता/Subject)
TypeNoun
Rootब्रह्मन् (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन
उवाचsaid
उवाच:
Kriya (क्रिया)
TypeVerb
Rootवच् (धातु)
Formलिट् (Perfect/लिट्), प्रथमपुरुष (3rd person/प्रथम), एकवचन; परस्मैपद
एतावताby this much
एतावता:
Karana (करण/Measure)
TypeNoun
Rootएतावत् (प्रातिपदिक)
Formनपुंसकलिङ्ग, तृतीया, एकवचन; प्रमाणार्थ (instrumental of measure): ‘by this much’
किम्what
किम्:
Prashna (प्रश्न)
TypeAdjective
Rootकिम् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
Formनपुंसकलिङ्ग, प्रथमा/द्वितीया, एकवचन; प्रश्न-विशेषण (interrogative)
अर्थेनpurpose/aim
अर्थेन:
Karana (करण/Instrument)
TypeNoun
Rootअर्थ (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, तृतीया, एकवचन
तीव्रम्intense
तीव्रम्:
Visheshana (विशेषण/Qualifier)
TypeAdjective
Rootतीव्र (प्रातिपदिक)
Formनपुंसकलिङ्ग, प्रथमा/द्वितीया, एकवचन; विशेषण (qualifies तपः)
देविO goddess
देवि:
Sambodhana (सम्बोधन/Address)
TypeNoun
Rootदेवी (प्रातिपदिक)
Formस्त्रीलिङ्ग, सम्बोधन (Vocative/सम्बोधन), एकवचन
तपःausterity/penance
तपः:
Karma (कर्म/Object)
TypeNoun
Rootतपस् (प्रातिपदिक)
Formनपुंसकलिङ्ग, प्रथमा/द्वितीया, एकवचन
कृतम्was done/performed
कृतम्:
Kriya (क्रिया)
TypeVerb
Rootकृ (धातु)
Formक्त-प्रत्ययान्त (past passive participle/कृत्), नपुंसकलिङ्ग, प्रथमा/द्वितीया, एकवचन; कर्मणि प्रयोगे (passive sense): ‘done’
स्वेच्छा(your) own will
स्वेच्छा:
Karta (कर्ता/Subject)
TypeNoun
Rootस्व (प्रातिपदिक) + इच्छा (प्रातिपदिक)
Formस्त्रीलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन; तत्पुरुषः: ‘one’s own will’
एवindeed/alone
एव:
Avadharana (अवधारण/Emphasis)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootएव (अव्यय)
Formनिश्चय/अवधारण-अव्यय (emphatic particle)
किम्is it not? / what?
किम्:
Prashna (प्रश्न)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootकिम् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
Formप्रश्न-अव्यय (interrogative particle)
अपर्याप्ताinsufficient
अपर्याप्ता:
Visheshana (विशेषण)
TypeAdjective
Rootअपर्याप्त (प्रातिपदिक)
Formस्त्रीलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन; विशेषण (qualifies स्वेच्छा)
क्रीडाplay/sport
क्रीडा:
Karta (कर्ता/Subject)
TypeNoun
Rootक्रीडा (प्रातिपदिक)
Formस्त्रीलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन
इयम्this
इयम्:
Visheshana (विशेषण)
TypeAdjective
Rootइदम् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
Formस्त्रीलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन; संकेतार्थ (demonstrative), क्रीडा-विशेषण
हिindeed/for
हि:
Hetu-dyotaka (हेतुद्योतक/Reason marker)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootहि (अव्यय)
Formहेतु/निश्चय-अव्यय (particle: indeed/for)
तवyour
तव:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/Genitive)
TypeNoun
Rootयुष्मद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
Formषष्ठी, एकवचन; सर्वनाम
ईदृशीof such a kind
ईदृशी:
Visheshana (विशेषण)
TypeAdjective
Rootईदृश (प्रातिपदिक)
Formस्त्रीलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन; विशेषण (qualifies क्रीडा)

Brahma

Tattva Level: pashu

Shakti Form: Pārvatī

Role: teaching

B
Brahma
D
Devi

FAQs

The verse contrasts divine spontaneity (svecchā) with deliberate discipline (tapas), highlighting that austerity is not mere self-torment but a purposeful spiritual resolve that can serve a higher cosmic intention and the unfolding of grace.

By questioning the need for severe tapas, the text implicitly points to a key Shaiva theme: realization and divine union are supported by both devotion and disciplined practice—often expressed through Saguna worship such as Linga-upāsanā—rather than relying only on personal inclination.

The verse foregrounds tapas as focused spiritual practice; a practical takeaway is sustained japa (especially the Panchakshara, “Om Namaḥ Śivāya”) with disciplined vows and contemplative restraint, undertaken with clear intent rather than as mere display.