Rig Veda 8.25.20: Mandala 8, Sukta 25, Mantra 20

Sukta 8.25

Devata: Vāc (speech-power) / inspired word as the operative power (implicitly under divine governance)

Samhita Patha (Devanagari)

वचो दीर्घप्रसद्मनीशे वाजस्य गोमतः । ईशे हि पित्वोऽविषस्य दावने ॥

Transliteration

vácō dīrghá-prasadmani ī́śe vā́jasya gómataḥ | ī́śe hí pitvó ’víṣasya dā́vane ||

Translation

A Palavra em mim governa na morada ampla, fundada em longínqua base; ela tem domínio sobre a plenitude de força (vāja), rica em vacas‑raios. Pois tem poder de conceder o deleite nutridor, não venenoso — um acréscimo que não fere, mas fortalece.

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Word by Word

• वचः: speech; word
• वचः: Karma
• Type: Noun
• Root: वचस् (प्रातिपदिक; PIE *wekʷ- ‘speak’)

• दीर्घ-प्रसद्मनी: in/at the long-established seat (long abode)
• दीर्घ-प्रसद्मनी: Adhikaraṇa
• Type: Adjective
• Root: दीर्घ (प्रातिपदिक) + प्रसद्मन्/प्रसद्म (प्रातिपदिक; ‘seat/abode’, RV usage) → दीर्घप्रसद्मन्- (बहुव्रीहि/कर्मधारय-समास)

• ईशे: is master (rules/possesses)
• ईशे: Kartā
• Type: Verb
• Root: ईश् (धातु; ‘to own, rule, be master of’)

• वाजस्य: of the prize/strength
• वाजस्य: Sambandha
• Type: Noun
• Root: वाज (प्रातिपदिक; ‘prize, strength, (victory-)booty’)

• गोमतः: of the cow-rich (one); rich in cattle
• गोमतः: Sambandha
• Type: Adjective
• Root: गोमत् (प्रातिपदिक; ‘possessing cows, rich in cattle’)

• ईशे: is master
• ईशे: Kartā
• Type: Verb
• Root: ईश् (धातु)

• हि: indeed; for
• हि: —
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: हि (निपात)

• पित्वः: of the draught/nourishment
• पित्वः: Sambandha
• Type: Noun
• Root: पित्व (प्रातिपदिक; ‘drink, draught; nourishment’, RV) / related to √पा ‘drink’

• अविषस्य: of the harmless (one/thing); unpoisoned
• अविषस्य: Sambandha
• Type: Adjective
• Root: अविष (प्रातिपदिक; ‘non-poisonous; harmless’; a- + विष) / also RV ‘unharmed, uninjured’

• दावने: for giving; for bestowal
• दावने: Sampradāna
• Type: Noun (verbal noun)
• Root: दावन (कृदन्त-प्रातिपदिक; dat. of verbal noun from √दा ‘to give’ → ‘giving, gift, bestowal’)