Rig Veda 8.12.21: Mandala 8, Sukta 12, Mantra 21

Sukta 8.12

Devata: Indra

Chandas: Gayatri (likely; needs confirmation by metrical count)

Samhita Patha (Devanagari)

महीरस्य प्रणीतयः पूर्वीरुत प्रशस्तयः । विश्वा वसूनि दाशुषे व्यानशुः ॥

Transliteration

mahī́r asya prá-nītayaḥ pūrvī́r utá prá-śastayaḥ | víśvā vásūni dāśúṣe ví ānaśuḥ ||

Translation

Vastas são suas conduções e suas antigas guianças, e grandes também seus louvores que confirmam; ao doador trazem e manifestam todas as riquezas do ser.

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Word by Word

• महीरस्य: of the great one (of the mighty)
• महीरस्य: सम्बन्ध (genitive relation)
• Type: Adjective (used substantively)
• Root: महीर (प्रातिपदिक; ‘मह्/महि’ से ‘महान्/महती’ भाव)

• प्रणीतयः: leadings, guidances
• प्रणीतयः: कर्तृ (with implied copula; subject of the clause)
• Type: Noun
• Root: प्र-नी (धातु √नी ‘to lead’) → ‘प्रणीत’ (PPP) → ‘प्रणीतिः’ (स्त्री)

• पूर्वीः: former, earlier
• पूर्वीः: विशेषण (of ‘प्रणीतयः’)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: पूर्व (प्रातिपदिक)

• उत: and, also
• उत: समुच्चय/विकल्प-सूचक (connective ‘and/also’)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: उत (निपात)

• प्रशस्तयः: praises, laudations
• प्रशस्तयः: कर्तृ (co-subject with ‘प्रणीतयः’)
• Type: Noun
• Root: प्र-शंस् (धातु √शंस् ‘to praise’) → ‘प्रशस्त’ (PPP) → ‘प्रशस्तिः’ (स्त्री)

• विश्वा: all
• विश्वा: कर्म (object of ‘व्यानशुः’)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: विश्व (प्रातिपदिक)

• वसूनि: goods, riches
• वसूनि: कर्म (in apposition with ‘विश्वा’)
• Type: Noun
• Root: वसु (प्रातिपदिक)

• दाशुषे: to the giver/worshipper
• दाशुषे: सम्प्रदान (recipient)
• Type: Noun (agent noun)
• Root: √दाश्/दास् (to give, worship; ‘दाश्वांस्’ ‘pious giver’) → दाशुष् (प्रातिपदिक)

• व्यानशुः: they reached/attained (spread to)
• व्यानशुः: क्रिया (predicate)
• Type: Verb
• Root: वि-√अन्/अश् (Vedic: ‘to reach, attain, pervade’; here perfect/aorist-like finite form)