Rig Veda 2.34.12: Mandala 2, Sukta 34, Mantra 12

Sukta 2.34

Rishi: Gṛtsamada (traditional)

Devata: Maruts with Dawn/Daśagvas imagery (transitional mythic references within Marut hymn)

Chandas: Triṣṭubh (probable)

Samhita Patha (Devanagari)

ते दशग्वाः प्रथमा यज्ञमूहिरे ते नो हिन्वन्तूषसो व्युष्टिषु । उषा न रामीररुणैरपोर्णुते महो ज्योतिषा शुचता गोअर्णसा ॥

Sanskrit recitationRig Veda 2.34.12

Transliteration

té daśagvā́ḥ prathamā́ yajñám ūhire té no hinvantūṣáso vyùṣṭiṣu | uṣā́ na rāmī́r aruṇáir ápornute mahó jyótiṣā śucatā́ goárṇasā ||

Translation

Esses Daśagvas foram os primeiros a conduzir adiante o sacrifício (yajña); que eles incitem as nossas auroras em seus despontares. Como Uṣas, a graciosa, ela desvela com seus raios vermelhos — pela grande luz, pela pureza, pela torrente de «vacas» iluminantes (raios do conhecimento).

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Word by Word

• ते: they
• ते: Kartā
• Type: Pronoun
• Root: तद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)

• दशग्वाः: the Daśagvas (a group of seers/ritualists)
• दशग्वाः: Kartā
• Type: Noun
• Root: दशगु (प्रातिपदिक; ‘दश-गु’)

• प्रथमाः: the first
• प्रथमाः: Kartā
• Type: Adjective
• Root: प्रथम (प्रातिपदिक)

• यज्ञम्: sacrifice, rite
• यज्ञम्: Karma
• Type: Noun
• Root: यज्ञ (प्रातिपदिक)

• ऊहिरे: they bore/undertook (performed)
• ऊहिरे: (क्रिया)
• Type: Verb
• Root: वह् (धातु; वहति ‘to carry/perform’), वैदिक-रूप: ऊह्/ऊहति (उपसर्ग-रहित)

• ते: they
• ते: Kartā
• Type: Pronoun
• Root: तद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)

• नः: for us / our
• नः: Sampradāna
• Type: Pronoun
• Root: अस्मद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)

• हिन्वन्तु: let them impel/urge
• हिन्वन्तु: (क्रिया)
• Type: Verb
• Root: हिव्/हिन्व् (धातु; ‘to impel, set in motion, quicken’)

• उषसः: the dawns
• उषसः: Karma
• Type: Noun
• Root: उषस् (प्रातिपदिक)

• व्युष्टिषु: in the dawnings
• व्युष्टिषु: Adhikaraṇa
• Type: Noun
• Root: व्युष्टि (प्रातिपदिक; ‘dawning, daybreak’)

• उषाः: Dawn
• उषाः: Kartā
• Type: Noun
• Root: उषस् (प्रातिपदिक)

• न: like
• न: (सम्बन्ध/उपमा)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: न (अव्यय)

• रामिः: delightful, gracious
• रामिः: Kartā
• Type: Adjective
• Root: रामि (प्रातिपदिक; ‘delighting/pleasant’, वैदिक)

• अरुणैः: with ruddy (rays/steeds)
• अरुणैः: Karaṇa
• Type: Adjective
• Root: अरुण (प्रातिपदिक)

• अपः: the waters
• अपः: Karma
• Type: Noun
• Root: अप् (प्रातिपदिक; ‘water’)

• उर्णुते: she covers/envelops
• उर्णुते: (क्रिया)
• Type: Verb
• Root: वृ (धातु; ‘to cover, envelop’; वैदिक प्रयोगः ‘उर्णुते’)

• महः: great (vast)
• महः: Karma
• Type: Noun
• Root: महत्/महस् (प्रातिपदिक; ‘greatness, great’)

• ज्योतिषा: with light
• ज्योतिषा: Karaṇa
• Type: Noun
• Root: ज्योतिस् (प्रातिपदिक)

• शुचता: bright, pure
• शुचता: Karaṇa
• Type: Adjective
• Root: शुच्/शुचि (प्रातिपदिक; ‘bright, pure’)

• गोअर्णसा: with cow-bringing/‘cow-flood’ radiance (rich in cows/light)
• गोअर्णसा: Karaṇa
• Type: Adjective
• Root: गो-अर्णस् (समास-प्रातिपदिक; ‘cow-like flood/stream’ अथवा ‘गो-रश्मि-सम्बद्ध तेजः’)