Rig Veda 10.101.4 — Mandala 10, Sukta 101, Mantra 4

Sukta 10.101

Devata: Implicitly the Devas as field of support; instruction by the kavayas

Chandas: Jagatī fragment? (Shorter cadence; likely an abbreviated Triṣṭubh/Jagatī-type line in the hymn’s style)

Samhita Patha (Devanagari)

सीरा युञ्जन्ति कवयो युगा वि तन्वते पृथक् । धीरा देवेषु सुम्नया ॥

Transliteration

sī́rā yuñjanti kaváyo yugā́ ví tanvate pṛ́thak | dhī́rā devéṣu sumnáyā ||

Translation

Os videntes jungem os arados; estendem os jugos à parte, cada qual em seu lugar. Firmes nos deuses, pela força do beneplácito (sumna).

Word by Word

• सीराः: ploughs (as agents)
• सीराः: कर्तृ
• Type: Noun
• Root: सीर (प्रातिपदिक) < PIE *seh₁-?; plough/ard

• युञ्जन्ति: they yoke / harness
• युञ्जन्ति: क्रिया
• Type: Verb
• Root: युज् (युजँ समाधौ/योजने) धातु

• कवयः: the seers/poets
• कवयः: कर्तृ
• Type: Noun
• Root: कवि (प्रातिपदिक)

• युगाः: yokes
• युगाः: कर्म
• Type: Noun
• Root: युग (प्रातिपदिक)

• वि: apart, asunder, distinctly
• वि: —
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: वि (उपसर्ग/अव्यय)

• तन्वते: they stretch/spread
• तन्वते: क्रिया
• Type: Verb
• Root: तन् (तनुँ विस्तारे) धातु

• पृथक्: separately, each apart
• पृथक्: —
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: पृथक् (अव्यय)

• धीराः: the steadfast/wise ones
• धीराः: कर्तृ
• Type: Adjective (substantivized)
• Root: धीरा (प्रातिपदिक; धीर < √धी/धीः ‘thought, insight’)

• देवेषु: among the gods / in the gods
• देवेषु: अधिकरण
• Type: Noun
• Root: देव (प्रातिपदिक)

• सुम्नया: with favor, with gracious goodwill
• सुम्नया: करण
• Type: Noun
• Root: सुम्न (प्रातिपदिक)