Rig Veda 1.85.1: Mandala 1, Sukta 85, Mantra 1

Sukta 1.85

Rishi: Gotama Rāhūgaṇa (traditional for RV 1.85)

Devata: Maruts (Rudra’s sons)

Chandas: Triṣṭubh (common for Marut hymns; verse-level confirmation may vary)

Samhita Patha (Devanagari)

प्र ये शुम्भन्ते जनयो न सप्तयो यामन्रुद्रस्य सूनवः सुदंससः । रोदसी हि मरुतश्चक्रिरे वृधे मदन्ति वीरा विदथेषु घृष्वयः ॥

Transliteration

prá yé śúmbhante jánayo ná saptáyo yā́man rudrásya sū́navaḥ sudáṃsasaḥ | ródasī hí marútaś cakriré vṛdhé mádanti vīrā́ vidáthēṣu ghṛ́ṣvayaḥ ||

Translation

Adiante vão aqueles que se adornam como mulheres radiantes, como corcéis velozes — filhos de Rudra, benfazejos, de energia perfeita. Pois, para o crescimento, eles moldaram os dois mundos; os heróis exultam nas assembleias, veementes em seu ardor luminoso.

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Word by Word

• प्र: forth, forward
• प्र: —
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: प्र (upasarga)

• ये: who (those who)
• ये: Kartā
• Type: Pronoun
• Root: यद् (sarvanāma)

• शुम्भन्ते: they adorn themselves / shine
• शुम्भन्ते: Kartā
• Type: Verb
• Root: शुभ्

• जनयः: women
• जनयः: Kartā (उपमान-वाक्ये)
• Type: Noun
• Root: जनय् (स्त्री. प्रातिपदिक)

• न: like, as
• न: —
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: न

• सप्तयः: mares (swift ones)
• सप्तयः: Kartā (उपमान-वाक्ये)
• Type: Noun
• Root: सप्ति (स्त्री. प्रातिपदिक)

• यामन्: in the course/going, on the journey
• यामन्: Adhikaraṇa
• Type: Noun
• Root: यामन् (नपुं. प्रातिपदिक)

• रुद्रस्य: of Rudra
• रुद्रस्य: सम्बन्ध (genitive)
• Type: Noun
• Root: रुद्र (प्रातिपदिक)

• सूनवः: sons
• सूनवः: Kartā (apposition to ये)
• Type: Noun
• Root: सूनु (प्रातिपदिक)

• सुदंससः: of good might/deeds, very powerful
• सुदंससः: Kartā (विशेषणम् to सूनवः/ये)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: सु-दंसस् (बहुव्रीहि/कर्मधारय-प्रातिपदिक)

• रोदसी: the two worlds (heaven and earth)
• रोदसी: Karma
• Type: Noun
• Root: रोदसी (द्विवचन-प्रातिपदिक; द्यावापृथिव्यौ)

• हि: indeed, for
• हि: —
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: हि

• मरुतः: the Maruts
• मरुतः: Kartā
• Type: Noun
• Root: मरुत् (प्रातिपदिक)

• चक्रिरे: they have made / fashioned
• चक्रिरे: Kartā
• Type: Verb
• Root: कृ

• वृधे: for growth, for strengthening
• वृधे: Sampradāna (purpose)
• Type: Kṛdanta
• Root: वृध् (inf./dat. from verbal noun वृधि/वृध)

• मदन्ति: they rejoice, exult
• मदन्ति: Kartā
• Type: Verb
• Root: मद्

• वीराः: heroes
• वीराः: Kartā (apposition to मरुतः)
• Type: Noun
• Root: वीर (प्रातिपदिक)

• विदथेषु: in the assemblies/rites
• विदथेषु: Adhikaraṇa
• Type: Noun
• Root: विदथ (नपुं. प्रातिपदिक)

• घृष्वयः: impetuous, ardent
• घृष्वयः: Kartā (विशेषणम् to मरुतः/वीराः)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: घृष्वि/घृष्वय (प्रातिपदिक; ‘impetuous, ardent’)