Rig Veda 1.78.1: Mandala 1, Sukta 78, Mantra 1

Sukta 1.78

Rishi: Gautama (Gotama lineage; ‘Gotamāḥ’ indicates the family-seers)

Devata: Agni (Jātavedas)

Chandas: Gāyatrī (3×8 syllables)

Samhita Patha (Devanagari)

अभि त्वा गोतमा गिरा जातवेदो विचर्षणे । द्युम्नैरभि प्र णोनुमः ॥

Transliteration

abhí tvā́ gotámā girā́ jā́tavedo vícarṣaṇe | dyumnáir abhí prá ṇónumaḥ ||

Translation

Para ti, ó Jātavedas, Poder de ampla visão, os Gautama avançam com a palavra do hino; com forças luminosas nós te impelimos a avançar em nós.

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Word by Word

• अभि: towards, unto
• अभि: Adhikaraṇa
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: अभि (उपसर्ग/अव्यय)

• त्वा: you (thee)
• त्वा: Karma
• Type: Pronoun
• Root: युष्मद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)

• गोतमाः: the Gotamas (Gautama seers)
• गोतमाः: Kartā
• Type: Noun (proper)
• Root: गोतम (ऋषि-नाम, प्रातिपदिक)

• गिरा: with a hymn/voice of praise
• गिरा: Karaṇa
• Type: Noun
• Root: गिर् (स्त्री., ‘वाणी/स्तुति’)

• जातवेदः: O Jātavedas (Agni, knower of births)
• जातवेदः: Sampradāna
• Type: Noun (epithet)
• Root: जातवेदस् (अग्नि-विशेषण/नाम)

• विचर्षणे: O far-seeing/illustrious one
• विचर्षणे: Sampradāna
• Type: Adjective (epithet)
• Root: विचर्षणि/विचर्षण (विशेषण; ‘प्रख्यात/दीप्त/दर्शनीय’)

• द्यु॒म्नैः: with splendors, with glorious powers
• द्यु॒म्नैः: Karaṇa
• Type: Noun
• Root: द्यु॒म्न (नपुंसक; ‘तेजस्/यशस्/दीप्ति’)

• अभि: towards, upon
• अभि: Adhikaraṇa
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: अभि (उपसर्ग/अव्यय)

• प्र: forth, forward
• प्र: Adhikaraṇa
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: प्र (उपसर्ग/अव्यय)

• नः: for us / of us
• नः: Sampradāna
• Type: Pronoun
• Root: अस्मद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)

• नोनुमः: we urge on, we impel (we set in motion)
• नोनुमः: Kriyā
• Type: Verb
• Root: नु (धातु; पुनःपुनः प्रेरणे/स्तुतौ) + उपसर्ग प्र (पूर्वपदेन) ; reduplicated perfect-like present in RV usage