Valmiki Ramayana 2.77.12: Ayodhya Kanda, Sarga 77, Shloka 12

और्ध्वदैहिकक्रिया-शोकविलापः

Obsequies for Daśaratha and the Brothers’ Lament

Devanagari script

उन्मत्त इव निश्चेता विललाप सुदुःखितः।।।।स्मृत्वा पितुर्गुणाङ्गानि तानि तानि तथा तथा।

Sanskrit recitationValmiki Ramayana 2.77.12

Transliteration

unmatta iva niścetā vilalāpa suduḥkhitaḥ |

smṛtvā pitur guṇāṅgāni tāni tāni tathā tathā ||2.77.12||

Translation

Em profunda aflição, com a mente vacilante como a de um louco, ele lamentou, recordando repetidas vezes as muitas virtudes de seu pai.

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Word by Word

• unmattaḥ: mad, distraught
• unmattaḥ: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: unmatta (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Puṃliṅga (Masculine/पुंलिङ्ग), Prathamā vibhakti (Nominative/प्रथमा), Ekavacana (Singular/एकवचन); viśeṣaṇa (adjectival)

• iva: like, as if
• iva: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: iva (अव्यय)
• Form: Upamā-avyaya (particle of comparison/उपमाव्यय)

• niścetā: one without composure; mentally unsteady person
• niścetā: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: niścetṛ (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Puṃliṅga (Masculine/पुंलिङ्ग), Prathamā (Nominative/प्रथमा), Ekavacana (Singular/एकवचन)

• vilalāpa: lamented
• vilalāpa: Kriyā (क्रिया)
• Type: Verb
• Root: √lap (लप्) (धातु)
• Form: Laṅ-lakāra (Imperfect/Past/लङ्), Prathama-puruṣa (3rd person/प्रथमपुरुष), Ekavacana (Singular/एकवचन); parasmaipada

• suduḥkhitaḥ: deeply sorrowful
• suduḥkhitaḥ: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: su + duḥkhita (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Puṃliṅga (Masculine/पुंलिङ्ग), Prathamā (Nominative/प्रथमा), Ekavacana (Singular/एकवचन); viśeṣaṇa

• smṛtvā: having remembered
• smṛtvā: Hetu/Anubandha (हेतु/अनुबन्ध)
• Type: Verb
• Root: √smṛ (स्मृ) (धातु)
• Form: Ktvā-pratyaya (Absolutive/Gerund/क्त्वा), pūrvakāla-kriyā (prior action)

• pituḥ: of (his) father
• pituḥ: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/Genitive)
• Type: Noun
• Root: pitṛ (पितृ) (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Puṃliṅga (Masculine/पुंलिङ्ग), Ṣaṣṭhī vibhakti (Genitive/षष्ठी), Ekavacana (Singular/एकवचन)

• guṇāṅgāni: aspects/limbs of virtues
• guṇāṅgāni: Karma (कर्म)
• Type: Noun
• Root: guṇa + aṅga (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Napुंसकलिङ्ग (Neuter/नपुंसक), Dvitīyā vibhakti (Accusative/द्वितीया), Bahuvacana (Plural/बहुवचन); ṣaṣṭhī-tatpuruṣa (genitive determinative): guṇānām aṅgāni

• tāni: those
• tāni: Karma (कर्म)
• Type: Noun
• Root: tad (तद्) (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Napुंसकलिङ्ग (Neuter/नपुंसक), Dvitīyā (Accusative/द्वितीया), Bahuvacana (Plural/बहुवचन); sarvanāma

• tāni: those (each and every)
• tāni: Karma (कर्म)
• Type: Noun
• Root: tad (तद्) (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Napुंसकलिङ्ग (Neuter/नपुंसक), Dvitīyā (Accusative/द्वितीया), Bahuvacana (Plural/बहुवचन); punarukti (repetition for emphasis)

• tathā: thus, in that way
• tathā: Kriyā-viśeṣaṇa (क्रियाविशेषण)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: tathā (अव्यय)
• Form: Avyaya (indeclinable adverb/क्रियाविशेषण)

• tathā: again and again
• tathā: Kriyā-viśeṣaṇa (क्रियाविशेषण)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: tathā (अव्यय)
• Form: Avyaya (indeclinable adverb/क्रियाविशेषण); punarukti (again and again)

Context

Recollecting the many virtues of his father again and again, like a madman, Satrughna,mentally unsteady, lamented in profound sorrow.

Characters & Entities

• Śatrughna
• Daśaratha

FAQs

What is the core ethical principle (Dharma) in this verse?

Remembering and honoring virtue is itself dharmic: the verse frames moral excellence (guṇa) as worthy of continual recollection, shaping the living toward righteousness and truth.

What is the narrative situation?

Śatrughna grieves intensely, repeatedly recalling Daśaratha’s qualities.

Which character virtue is emphasized?

Daśaratha’s accumulated virtues (guṇas) are foregrounded as the cause of heartfelt reverence.