Shloka 108

Annadāna and the Obstruction of Viṣṇu-Darśana; Vāmadeva’s Teaching and the Vāsudeva Stotra Prelude

Devanagari script

लोभेन मोहयुक्तेन तमोगर्ते निपात्यते । तत्रापतित्वा मामैव पतितं दुःखसंकटे

Transliteration

lobhena mohayuktena tamogarte nipātyate | tatrāpatitvā māmaiva patitaṃ duḥkhasaṃkaṭe

Translation

Pela ganância, unida à ilusão, alguém é lançado no poço da escuridão; caindo lá, afunda-se em uma perigosa armadilha de sofrimento.

Word by Word

• लोभेन: by greed
• लोभेन: Karana (Instrument/करण)
• Type: Noun
• Root: लोभ (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, तृतीया-विभक्ति (करण), एकवचन — Instrumental singular

• मोहयुक्तेन: accompanied by delusion
• मोहयुक्तेन: Visheshana (Qualifier/विशेषण)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: मोह (प्रातिपदिक) + युक्त (कृदन्त; √युज् (धातु) क्त)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, तृतीया-विभक्ति, एकवचन; क्त-प्रत्ययान्त विशेषण — Instrumental singular (agreeing with लोभेन)

• तमोगर्ते: in the pit of darkness
• तमोगर्ते: Adhikarana (Location/अधिकरण)
• Type: Noun
• Root: तमस् (प्रातिपदिक) + गर्त (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, सप्तमी-विभक्ति, एकवचन — Locative singular

• निपात्यते: is made to fall / is cast down
• निपात्यते: Kriya (Action/क्रिया)
• Type: Verb
• Root: √पत् (धातु) + नि (उपसर्ग); causative (णिच्) निपातयति → कर्मणि प्रयोग
• Form: लट्-लकार, प्रथम-पुरुष, एकवचन; कर्मणि (passive) — Present passive 3rd sg

• तत्र: there
• तत्र: Adhikarana (Location/अधिकरण)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: तत्र (अव्यय)
• Form: अव्यय; स्थानवाचक क्रियाविशेषण — locative adverb

• अपतित्वा: having fallen
• अपतित्वा: Purvakala (Prior action/पूर्वकाल)
• Type: Verb
• Root: √पत् (धातु) + अप (उपसर्ग) + त्वा (क्त्वा)
• Form: क्त्वान्त अव्यय (पूर्वकाल) — gerund ‘having fallen’

• माम्: me
• माम्: Karma (Object/कर्म)
• Type: Noun
• Root: अस्मद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: सर्वनाम, द्वितीया-विभक्ति, एकवचन — Accusative singular

• एव: indeed/only
• एव: Sambandha (Emphasis/सम्बन्ध)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: एव (अव्यय)
• Form: अव्यय; निश्चय/अवधारणार्थक — emphatic particle

• पतितम्: fallen
• पतितम्: Karma (Object complement/कर्मपूरक)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: पतित (कृदन्त; √पत् (धातु) क्त)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, द्वितीया-विभक्ति, एकवचन; क्त-प्रत्ययान्त — Accusative singular (agreeing with माम्)

• दुःखसंकटे: in distress/difficulty
• दुःखसंकटे: Adhikarana (Location/अधिकरण)
• Type: Noun
• Root: दुःख (प्रातिपदिक) + संकट (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, सप्तमी-विभक्ति, एकवचन — Locative singular

Speaker

Unspecified (verse excerpt; speaker cannot be reliably identified without surrounding context)

Verse Rasa

Primary Rasa: bhayanaka

Secondary Rasa: karuna

Geographic Context

Type: celestial_realm

Sandhi Resolution Notes

Sandhi Resolution Notes: तत्रापतित्वा = तत्र + अपतित्वा; मामैव = माम् + एव; तमोगर्ते = तमस्-गर्ते (समास); दुःखसंकटे = दुःख-संकटे (समास)

FAQs

What does this verse teach about the consequences of greed (lobha)?

It presents greed as a force that, when mixed with delusion (moha), propels a person into tamas—spiritual darkness—resulting in suffering and entanglement.

What is meant by “tamogarta” (pit of darkness) here?

It is a metaphor for tamas: ignorance, moral confusion, and the downward pull that leads to destructive choices and painful outcomes.

What ethical lesson does this shloka emphasize?

Guarding against greed and delusion is essential, because they trigger a downward spiral—loss of discernment followed by actions that culminate in distress and suffering.