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Narada Purana — Purva Bhaga, Shloka 43

The Exposition of the Saptamī Vow Observed Across Twelve Months

Saptamī-vrata-prakāśana

नमस्कृत्य स्वयं विप्र विसृजेत्प्राशयेत्वरवयम् । पंचगव्यं व्रतं चेत्थं विधाय श्वो द्विजोत्तमान् ॥ ४३ ॥

namaskṛtya svayaṃ vipra visṛjetprāśayetvaravayam | paṃcagavyaṃ vrataṃ cetthaṃ vidhāya śvo dvijottamān || 43 ||

Depois de oferecer reverentes saudações, o brāhmaṇa deve ele mesmo dispensá‑los e, em seguida, fazer com que o excelente grupo participe (da refeição). Assim, tendo cumprido o voto do pañcagavya, no dia seguinte deve honrar e alimentar os melhores entre os duas‑vezes‑nascidos.

नमस्कृत्यhaving bowed
नमस्कृत्य:
Kriyāviśeṣaṇa (क्रियाविशेषण)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootनमस्-√कृ (धातु)
Formक्त्वान्त-अव्यय (Gerund), धातु: कृ (with उपपद नमस्); अर्थे: नमस्कारं कृत्वा (having saluted)
स्वयम्personally
स्वयम्:
Kriyāviśeṣaṇa (क्रियाविशेषण)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootस्वयम् (अव्यय)
Formअव्यय (indeclinable), स्वतः (oneself)
विप्रO brāhmaṇa
विप्र:
Sambodhana (सम्बोधन)
TypeNoun
Rootविप्र (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, सम्बोधन-विभक्ति (Vocative), एकवचन
विसृजेत्should dismiss
विसृजेत्:
Kriyā (क्रिया)
TypeVerb
Rootवि-√सृज् (धातु)
Formविधिलिङ् (Optative), तृतीयपुरुष (3rd person), एकवचन; परस्मैपद; धातु: वि-सृज् (to dismiss/release)
प्राशयेत्should feed (make eat)
प्राशयेत्:
Kriyā (क्रिया)
TypeVerb
Rootप्र-√अश् (धातु)
Formविधिलिङ् (Optative), तृतीयपुरुष (3rd person), एकवचन; परस्मैपद; णिच् (causative) भाव: प्राशयति (to cause to eat/feed)
वर-वयम्(one of) excellent age/prime (uncertain reading)
वर-वयम्:
Karma (कर्म)
TypeNoun
Rootवर (प्रातिपदिक) + वयस्/वयम्? (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, द्वितीया-विभक्ति (Accusative), एकवचन (पाठानुसार); कर्मधारय: वरं वयः/वयम् (best/prime age) — पाठदोषसम्भावना; अर्थतः 'श्रेष्ठं वयः' इति
पञ्च-गव्यम्pañcagavya (five cow-products mixture)
पञ्च-गव्यम्:
Karma (कर्म)
TypeNoun
Rootपञ्च (संख्या-प्रातिपदिक) + गव्य (प्रातिपदिक)
Formनपुंसकलिङ्ग, द्वितीया-विभक्ति (Accusative), एकवचन; द्विगु-समास: पञ्चानां गव्यानां समाहारः (mixture of five cow-products)
व्रतम्vow/observance
व्रतम्:
Karma (कर्म)
TypeNoun
Rootव्रत (प्रातिपदिक)
Formनपुंसकलिङ्ग, द्वितीया-विभक्ति (Accusative), एकवचन
and
:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/connector)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootच (अव्यय)
Formसमुच्चयबोधक-अव्यय (conjunction)
इत्थम्thus
इत्थम्:
Kriyāviśeṣaṇa (क्रियाविशेषण)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootइत्थम् (अव्यय)
Formअव्यय, प्रकारार्थे (adverb: thus/in this manner)
विधायhaving performed
विधाय:
Kriyāviśeṣaṇa (क्रियाविशेषण)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootवि-√धा (धातु)
Formक्त्वान्त-अव्यय (Gerund), धातु: वि-धा (to arrange/perform)
श्वःtomorrow
श्वः:
Kāla (काल)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootश्वः (अव्यय)
Formकालवाचक-अव्यय (temporal adverb: tomorrow)
द्विज-उत्तमान्the best brāhmaṇas
द्विज-उत्तमान्:
Karma (कर्म)
TypeNoun
Rootद्विज (प्रातिपदिक) + उत्तम (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, द्वितीया-विभक्ति (Accusative), बहुवचन; तत्पुरुष/कर्मधारयार्थे: उत्तमाः द्विजाः (excellent brāhmaṇas)

Narada (teaching within the Narada Purana’s instructional dialogue tradition)

Vrata: pañcagavya-vrata

Primary Rasa: shanta

Secondary Rasa: bhakti

FAQs

It emphasizes that a purification vow is completed not only by personal observance (vrata) but also by proper ritual closure—salutation, formal conclusion, and dharmic hospitality/feeding of worthy brāhmaṇas—thereby converting inner purity into outward dharma.

While primarily ritual-focused, it reflects bhakti through humility (namaskāra), disciplined observance, and reverence to the dharmic community—actions traditionally offered as service (sevā) to the divine order upheld by the twice-born.

It highlights kalpa-style ritual procedure: sequencing of acts (salutation, conclusion, consumption/serving, and next-day feeding), showing how vows (vrata) are executed with correct timing (śvaḥ) and formal ritual etiquette.