Shloka 30

Adhyaya 9 — Vasiṣṭha and Viśvāmitra’s Mutual Curse: The Āḍi–Baka Battle and Brahmā’s Pacification

Sanskrit

एवमुक्तौ ततस्तेन लज्जितौ तावुभावपि ।

क्षमयामासतुः प्रीत्या परिष्वज्य परस्परम् ॥

Transliteration

evamuktau tatastena lajjitau tāvubhāvapi / kṣamayāmāsatuḥ prītyā pariṣvajya parasparam

Translation

Assim admoestados por ele, ambos se envergonharam; e, com afeto, perdoaram-se mutuamente, abraçando-se.

Word by Word

• evam: thus
• evam: Kriya-visheshana (क्रियाविशेषण/Adverbial)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: evam (अव्यय)
• Form: अव्यय (indeclinable), प्रकारवाचक (adverb of manner)

• uktau: (the two) having been addressed
• uktau: Karta (कर्ता/Subject complement)
• Type: Verb
• Root: √vac (वच् धातु) + ukta (कृदन्त)
• Form: भूतकृदन्त (Past participle), पुंलिङ्ग (Masculine), प्रथमा-विभक्ति (Nominative/1st), द्विवचन (Dual); ‘(तौ) उक्तौ’ = ‘having been spoken to/ addressed’ (passive sense)

• tataḥ: then, thereafter
• tataḥ: Kriya-visheshana (क्रियाविशेषण)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: tataḥ (अव्यय)
• Form: अव्यय (indeclinable), काल/अनन्तर (temporal: thereafter)

• tena: by him
• tena: Karana (करण/Instrument)
• Type: Noun
• Root: tad (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: सर्वनाम (Pronoun), तृतीया-विभक्ति (Instrumental/3rd), एकवचन (Singular)

• lajjitau: ashamed
• lajjitau: Karta (कर्ता/Subject complement)
• Type: Verb
• Root: √lajj (लज्ज् धातु) + lajjita (कृदन्त)
• Form: भूतकृदन्त (Past participle), पुंलिङ्ग (Masculine), प्रथमा-विभक्ति (Nominative/1st), द्विवचन (Dual)

• tau: those two
• tau: Karta (कर्ता/Subject)
• Type: Noun
• Root: tad (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: सर्वनाम (Pronoun), प्रथमा-विभक्ति (Nominative/1st), द्विवचन (Dual)

• ubhau: both
• ubhau: Apposition (समानााधिकरण)
• Type: Noun
• Root: ubha (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: सर्वनाम/संख्यावाचक (both), प्रथमा-विभक्ति (Nominative/1st), द्विवचन (Dual), पुंलिङ्ग (Masculine)

• api: also
• api: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/Discourse particle)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: api (अव्यय)
• Form: निपात (particle), समुच्चय/अपि (also/even)

• kṣamayāmāsatuḥ: they two begged pardon / sought forgiveness
• kṣamayāmāsatuḥ: Kriya (क्रिया/Predicate)
• Type: Verb
• Root: kṣamaya (प्रातिपदिक/नामधातु from √kṣam) + √as (अस् धातु)
• Form: नामधातु-प्रयोग (denominative) ‘क्षमय’ + लिट्-लकार (Perfect), प्रथमपुरुष (3rd person), द्विवचन (Dual), परस्मैपद (Parasmaipada)

• prītyā: with affection, gladly
• prītyā: Hetu/Karana (हेतु/करण)
• Type: Noun
• Root: prīti (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: स्त्रीलिङ्ग (Feminine), तृतीया-विभक्ति (Instrumental/3rd), एकवचन (Singular)

• pariṣvajya: having embraced
• pariṣvajya: Purvakala-kriya (पूर्वकालक्रिया)
• Type: Verb
• Root: pari-√svaj (स्वज् धातु)
• Form: क्त्वान्त (Gerund/Absolutive), अव्ययभाव (indeclinable verbal)

• parasparam: each other
• parasparam: Karma (कर्म/Object)
• Type: Noun
• Root: paraspara (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: अव्ययीभाववत् प्रयोग (reciprocal adverbial use), द्वितीया-विभक्ति (Accusative/2nd), एकवचन (Singular)

Speakers

• Narrator voice describing the outcome; Brahmā’s words cause reconciliation

Verse Rasa

{ "primaryRasa": "shanta", "secondaryRasa": "bhakti", "rasaIntensity": 0, "emotionalArcPosition": "", "moodDescriptors": [] }

Primary Deities

• Brahmā

Key Themes

• Forgiveness (kṣamā)
• Restoration of harmony
• Humility
• Conflict de-escalation

FAQs

What is the philosophical or ethical takeaway?

Shame here functions as moral awakening (hri). The ideal resolution is not mere cessation of hostility but positive restoration—mutual forgiveness and renewed relationship.

How does this fit the Pancalakshana (5 characteristics)?

Carita: narrative closure that reinforces dharma through exemplary conduct (kṣamā as a virtue).

What is the esoteric significance?

Embrace symbolizes reintegration of polarized energies. The ‘two’ can be read as rival faculties (will and intellect, or pride and discipline) reconciled under higher insight.