Shloka 32

Adhyaya 4 — Jaimini Meets the Dharmapakshis: Four Doubts on the Mahabharata and the Opening of Narayana Doctrine

Sanskrit

कस्माच्च पाण्डुपुत्राणामेका सा द्रुपदात्मजा ।

पञ्चानां महिषी कृष्णा सुमहानत्र संशयः ॥

Transliteration

kasmācca pāṇḍuputrāṇām ekā sā drupadātmajā /

pañcānāṃ mahiṣī kṛṣṇā sumāhan atra saṃśayaḥ //

Translation

“E por que a única filha de Drupada—Kṛṣṇā (Draupadī)—é a rainha principal dos cinco filhos de Pāṇḍu? Nisso há uma dúvida muito grande.”

Word by Word

• कस्मात्: why
• कस्मात्: Hetu (हेतु/Reason)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: किम् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Ablative interrogative used adverbially; ‘why/from what cause’

• च: and
• च: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/Connector)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: च (अव्यय)
• Form: समुच्चय (conjunction)

• पाण्डुपुत्राणाम्: of the sons of Pāṇḍu
• पाण्डुपुत्राणाम्: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/Possessor)
• Type: Noun
• Root: पाण्डु + पुत्र (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: षष्ठी-तत्पुरुषः (पाण्डोः पुत्राः); पुंलिङ्ग, षष्ठी (Genitive), बहुवचन

• एका: one (single)
• एका: Karta (कर्ता/Subject qualifier)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: एक (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: स्त्रीलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन; सा इति विशेषण

• सा: she
• सा: Karta (कर्ता/Subject)
• Type: Noun
• Root: तद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: स्त्रीलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन

• द्रुपदात्मजा: daughter of Drupada
• द्रुपदात्मजा: Karta (कर्ता/Apposition)
• Type: Noun
• Root: द्रुपद + आत्मजा (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: षष्ठी-तत्पुरुषः (द्रुपदस्य आत्मजा); स्त्रीलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन

• पञ्चानाम्: of the five
• पञ्चानाम्: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/Possessor)
• Type: Noun
• Root: पञ्चन् (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग (गणनाशब्दः), षष्ठी, बहुवचन; ‘of the five’

• महिषी: queen/wife
• महिषी: Karta (कर्ता/Predicate nominative)
• Type: Noun
• Root: महिषी (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: स्त्रीलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन; ‘chief queen/wife’

• कृष्णा: Kṛṣṇā (Draupadī)
• कृष्णा: Karta (कर्ता/Apposition)
• Type: Noun
• Root: कृष्णा (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: स्त्रीलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन; द्रौपदी-नाम

• सुमहान्: very great
• सुमहान्: Karta (कर्ता/Subject qualifier)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: सु + महान् (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन; संशयः इति विशेषण

• अत्र: here/in this matter
• अत्र: Desha-adhikarana (देशाधिकरण)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: अत्र (अव्यय)
• Form: देशवाचक-अव्यय (adverb)

• संशयः: doubt
• संशयः: Karta (कर्ता/Subject)
• Type: Noun
• Root: संशय (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन

Speakers

• Unspecified in the input; verse reads as a question within a dialogue frame (questioner to narrator/teacher).

Verse Rasa

{ "primaryRasa": "adbhuta", "secondaryRasa": "shanta", "rasaIntensity": 0, "emotionalArcPosition": "", "moodDescriptors": [] }

Key Themes

• Itihasa linkage (Mahabharata)
• Dharma and marital norms
• Genealogical/narrative clarification

FAQs

What is the philosophical or ethical takeaway?

The verse foregrounds a dharmic problem framed as a sincere doubt: an apparent irregularity (one wife for five brothers) demands explanation through scripture, precedent, and purpose. Ethically, it models the Purāṇic method—do not dismiss moral tension; inquire so that dharma is understood in its contextual, exception-aware form (āpaddharma/niyama-bheda).

How does this fit the Pancalakshana (5 characteristics)?

Primarily aligns with Vaṃśa/Vaṃśānucarita (genealogies and dynastic narratives), since it concerns the Pāṇḍavas and Draupadī and invites an explanatory backstory or rationale. It is not directly Sarga/Pratisarga/Manvantara in this verse.

What is the esoteric significance?

On a symbolic reading common in later exegesis, the ‘one’ (ekā) shared among ‘five’ can be read as a unifying principle (śrī/fortune, or a single dharmic purpose) integrating multiple faculties/lines. However, in the immediate Purāṇic register this verse functions chiefly as a narrative-theological question seeking the lawful cause (kāraṇa) behind an extraordinary marriage arrangement.