Shloka 44

Adhyaya 34 — Madālāsā’s Instruction on Sadācāra (Householder Conduct, Purity, and Daily Rites)

Sanskrit

तैलाभ्यङ्गं तथा भोगं योषितश्च विवर्जयेत् ।

न क्षिप्तपादजङ्घश्च प्राज्ञस्तिष्ठेत् कदाचन ॥

Transliteration

tailābhyaṅgaṃ tathā bhogaṃ yoṣitaś ca vivarjayet |

na kṣipta-pāda-jaṅghaś ca prājñas tiṣṭhet kadācana ||

Translation

Deve-se evitar a massagem com óleo, o deleite indulgente e a convivência imprópria com mulheres. O sábio jamais deve ficar de pé com as pernas e os pés atirados de modo indisciplinado.

Word by Word

• तैलाभ्यङ्गम्: oil-massage/anointing with oil
• तैलाभ्यङ्गम्: Karma (कर्म)
• Type: Noun
• Root: तैल + अभ्यङ्ग (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, द्वितीया (कर्म), एकवचन; षष्ठी-तत्पुरुष (Genitive Tatpurusha: 'oil-massage')

• तथा: likewise
• तथा: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/adverbial)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: तथा (अव्यय)
• Form: समुच्चय/प्रकारार्थक-अव्यय (adverb: likewise)

• भोगम्: enjoyment/indulgence
• भोगम्: Karma (कर्म)
• Type: Noun
• Root: भोग (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, द्वितीया (कर्म), एकवचन (Masculine, Accusative, Singular)

• योषितः: women
• योषितः: Karma (कर्म)
• Type: Noun
• Root: योषित् (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: स्त्रीलिङ्ग, द्वितीया (कर्म), बहुवचन (Feminine, Accusative, Plural)

• च: and
• च: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/connector)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: च (अव्यय)
• Form: समुच्चयार्थक-निपात (conjunction)

• विवर्जयेत्: should completely avoid
• विवर्जयेत्: Kriya (क्रिया)
• Type: Verb
• Root: विवर्ज् (धातु)
• Form: विधिलिङ् (optative), परस्मैपद, प्रथमपुरुष, एकवचन (Optative, Parasmaipada, 3rd person, Singular)

• न: not
• न: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/negation)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: न (अव्यय)
• Form: निषेधार्थक-निपात (negation particle)

• क्षिप्तपादजङ्घः: one with legs/feet flung out (improperly seated)
• क्षिप्तपादजङ्घः: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: क्षिप्त + पाद + जङ्घा (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (कर्ता), एकवचन; कर्मधारय/तत्पुरुष-समासार्थः: 'having thrown-out feet and shanks' (describing posture)

• च: and
• च: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/connector)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: च (अव्यय)
• Form: समुच्चयार्थक-निपात (conjunction)

• प्राज्ञः: a wise person
• प्राज्ञः: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: प्राज्ञ (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (कर्ता), एकवचन (Masculine, Nominative, Singular)

• तिष्ठेत्: should remain/sit/stand
• तिष्ठेत्: Kriya (क्रिया)
• Type: Verb
• Root: स्था (धातु)
• Form: विधिलिङ् (optative), परस्मैपद, प्रथमपुरुष, एकवचन (Optative, Parasmaipada, 3rd person, Singular)

• कदाचन: ever/at any time
• कदाचन: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/adverbial)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: कदाचन (अव्यय)
• Form: कालवाचक-अव्यय (temporal adverb: ever/at any time)

Speakers

• Dharmic instruction within the Markandeya Purana’s didactic section (speaker not specified in the provided extract)

Verse Rasa

{ "primaryRasa": "shanta", "secondaryRasa": "dharma", "rasaIntensity": 0, "emotionalArcPosition": "", "moodDescriptors": [] }

Key Themes

• Dharma
• Self-restraint
• Brahmacarya-like caution (sense control)
• Decorum

FAQs

What is the philosophical or ethical takeaway?

Decorum is both inner and outer: restraint from indulgence supports mental clarity, while disciplined posture reflects and reinforces disciplined consciousness.

How does this fit the Pancalakshana (5 characteristics)?

Ācāra-dharma guidance, not pañcalakṣaṇa narrative.

What is the esoteric significance?

The body is treated as a ‘ritual instrument’; careless posture and indulgence are seen as leaks of prāṇa and attention, weakening steadiness (dhṛti).