Shloka 30

Adhyaya 12 — The Son Describes the Narakas: Mahāraurava, Tamas, Nikṛntana, Apratiṣṭha, Asipatravana, and Taptakumbha

Sanskrit

दह्यमानाङ्घ्रयुगला धरणीस्थेन वह्निना ।

तेषां गतानां तत्रासिपत्रपाती समीरणः ॥

Transliteration

dahyamānāṅghrayugalā dharaṇīsthenā vahninā | teṣāṃ gatānāṃ tatrāsipattrapātī samīraṇaḥ ||

Translation

Seus pés queimam com o fogo no chão. Quando chegam lá, levanta-se um vento que faz cair as folhas de espada.

Word by Word

• दह्यमान-अङ्घ्रि-युगलाः: whose pairs of feet are being burnt
• दह्यमान-अङ्घ्रि-युगलाः: Viśeṣaṇa (विशेषण)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: दह् (धातु) → दह्यमान (कृदन्त) + अङ्घ्रि (प्रातिपदिक) + युगल (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: वर्तमानकृदन्त कर्मणि (present passive participle, शानच्), पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, बहुवचन; समासः—तत्पुरुषः (दह्यमानं अङ्घ्रियोः युगलं येषाम्)

• धरणी-स्थेन: by (the fire) situated on the earth
• धरणी-स्थेन: Karaṇa (करण)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: धरणी (प्रातिपदिक) + स्थ (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, तृतीया-विभक्ति (Instrumental, 3rd case), एकवचन; समासः—तत्पुरुषः (धरण्यां स्थितः)

• वह्निना: by fire
• वह्निना: Karaṇa (करण)
• Type: Noun
• Root: वह्नि (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, तृतीया (Instrumental), एकवचन

• तेषाम्: of them
• तेषाम्: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/षष्ठी)
• Type: Noun
• Root: तद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: षष्ठी-विभक्ति (Genitive, 6th case), बहुवचन

• गतानाम्: of those who have gone
• गतानाम्: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/षष्ठी)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: गम् (धातु) → गत (कृदन्त)
• Form: भूतकृदन्त (past active participle, क्त), पुंलिङ्ग, षष्ठी (Genitive), बहुवचन; तेषाम् इत्यस्य विशेषणम्

• तत्र: there
• तत्र: Adhikaraṇa (अधिकरण)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: तत्र (अव्यय)
• Form: अव्यय, देशवाचक क्रियाविशेषण

• असि-पत्र-पाती: causing sword-leaves to fall / sword-leaf-falling
• असि-पत्र-पाती: Viśeṣaṇa (विशेषण)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: असि (प्रातिपदिक) + पत्र (प्रातिपदिक) + पातिन् (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन; समासः—तत्पुरुषः (असिपत्राणि पातयति/पाति इति)

• समीरणः: wind
• समीरणः: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: समीरण (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (Nominative), एकवचन

Speakers

• Narrator

Verse Rasa

{ "primaryRasa": "bhayanaka", "secondaryRasa": "raudra", "rasaIntensity": 0, "emotionalArcPosition": "", "moodDescriptors": [] }

Key Themes

• Physical torment
• Hostile elements (fire, wind)
• Naraka mechanics

FAQs

What is the philosophical or ethical takeaway?

Even movement toward ‘relief’ is punished—illustrating how wrongdoing removes safe ground and turns basic elements into instruments of suffering.

How does this fit the Pancalakshana (5 characteristics)?

Ancillary ethical-narrative content; supports Purāṇic dharma teaching rather than genealogical/cosmic enumeration.

What is the esoteric significance?

Fire underfoot and cutting leaves above suggest being trapped between impulses (heat of passion) and consequences (cutting results), with no neutral space for the undisciplined self.