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Shloka 12

Dhanañjaya-viraha-śoka and the Resolve to Enter Gandhamādana (धनंजय-विरह-शोकः गन्धमादन-प्रवेश-संकल्पश्च)

दुःखेन महताविष्टस्तं न पश्यामि फाल्गुनम्‌ । अजेयमुग्रधन्वानं तेन तप्ये वृकोदर,वृकोदर! जो पराक्रम और सम्पत्तिमें देवराज इन्द्रसे तनिक भी कम नहीं है, जिसके रथके घोड़े श्वेत रंगके हैं, जो नकुल-सहदेवसे अवस्थामें बड़ा है, जिसके पराक्रमकी कोई सीमा नहीं है तथा जो उग्र धनुर्धर एवं अजेय है, उस वीरवर अर्जुनके दर्शनसे मैं वंचित हूँ; इसके लिये मुझे महान कष्ट हो रहा है। मैं चिन्ताकी आगमें जला जा रहा हूँ

yudhiṣṭhira uvāca | duḥkhena mahatāviṣṭas taṃ na paśyāmi phālgunam | ajeyam ugradhanvānaṃ tena tapye vṛkodara |

Yudhiṣṭhira disse: “Tomado por grande tristeza, não vejo Phālguna (Arjuna). Ele é inconquistável, feroz portador do arco; e por isso, ó Vṛkodara, sou atormentado. Privado da visão desse herói supremo—cujo valor não tem limite e que em poder e fortuna não é inferior a Indra—ardo no fogo da ansiedade. Esta dor não é apenas luto pessoal, mas também o peso moral de estar separado de um aliado justo, cuja força resguarda o nosso dharma no exílio.”

दुःखेनwith sorrow, by grief
दुःखेन:
Karana
TypeNoun
Rootदुःख
FormNeuter, Instrumental, Singular
महतāgreat (as an intensifier: greatly)
महतā:
Karana
TypeAdjective
Rootमहत्
FormNeuter, Instrumental, Singular
आविष्टःovercome, possessed (by)
आविष्टः:
Karta
TypeVerb
Rootआ-विश्
FormPast passive participle (क्त), Masculine, Nominative, Singular
तम्him
तम्:
Karma
TypePronoun
Rootतद्
FormMasculine, Accusative, Singular
not
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
पश्यामिI see
पश्यामि:
TypeVerb
Rootदृश्
FormLat, Present, First, Singular, Parasmaipada
फाल्गुनम्Phalguna (Arjuna)
फाल्गुनम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootफाल्गुन
FormMasculine, Accusative, Singular
अजेयम्unconquerable
अजेयम्:
Karma
TypeAdjective
Rootअजेय
FormPotential passive participle (यत्/अनीय), Masculine, Accusative, Singular
उग्र-धन्वानम्the fierce-bowman
उग्र-धन्वानम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootउग्रधन्वन्
FormMasculine, Accusative, Singular
तेनbecause of that / by that
तेन:
Karana
TypePronoun
Rootतद्
FormMasculine/Neuter, Instrumental, Singular
तप्येI suffer, I am tormented
तप्ये:
TypeVerb
Rootतप्
FormLat, Present, First, Singular, Atmanepada
वृकोदरO Vrikodara (Bhima)
वृकोदर:
TypeNoun
Rootवृकोदर
FormMasculine, Vocative, Singular

युधिछिर उवाच

Y
Yudhiṣṭhira
A
Arjuna (Phālguna)
B
Bhīma (Vṛkodara)
I
Indra

Educational Q&A

The verse highlights the ethical and emotional dimension of dharma in adversity: even a steadfast king like Yudhiṣṭhira experiences intense grief when separated from a righteous protector. It underscores the value of virtuous companionship and the responsibility leaders feel when the welfare of their group depends on the presence of a capable, dharma-aligned ally.

During the forest exile, Yudhiṣṭhira addresses Bhīma, lamenting that he cannot see Arjuna (Phālguna). He praises Arjuna as invincible and a formidable archer, comparable to Indra in prowess and fortune, and confesses that Arjuna’s absence makes him suffer and burn with anxious worry.