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Shloka 139

Śuka’s Guṇa-Transcendence and Vyāsa’s Consolation (शुकगति-वर्णनम्)

एवमेवोपभोगेषु भोजनाच्छादनेषु च । गुणेषु परिमेयेषु निग्रहानुग्रहं प्रति

evamevopabhogeṣu bhojanācchādaneṣu ca | guṇeṣu parimeyeṣu nigrahānugrahaṁ prati ||

Bhīṣma disse: “Do mesmo modo, nas questões de fruição — comida, vestes e outros confortos limitados e mensuráveis — o rei não é verdadeiramente livre. Igualmente, nos dois deveres de conter os maus e favorecer os bem conduzidos, ele deve agir sob constrangimento. Mesmo nas poucas tarefas em que parece ter escolha, permanece preso pelo apego e pela necessidade. E ao fazer a paz ou mover a guerra, onde está a real independência de um rei?”

एवम्thus, in this manner
एवम्:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootएवम्
एवindeed, just
एव:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootएव
उपभोगेषुin enjoyments/consumptions
उपभोगेषु:
Adhikarana
TypeNoun
Rootउपभोग
FormMasculine, Locative, Plural
भोजनेin eating/food-taking
भोजने:
Adhikarana
TypeNoun
Rootभोजन
FormNeuter, Locative, Singular
आच्छादनेषुin coverings/clothing
आच्छादनेषु:
Adhikarana
TypeNoun
Rootआच्छादन
FormNeuter, Locative, Plural
and
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
गुणेषुin qualities/objects (of sense)
गुणेषु:
Adhikarana
TypeNoun
Rootगुण
FormMasculine, Locative, Plural
परिमेयेषुin limited/measurable (things)
परिमेयेषु:
Adhikarana
TypeAdjective
Rootपरिमेय
FormMasculine, Locative, Plural
निग्रहrestraint, suppression
निग्रह:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootनिग्रह
FormMasculine, Accusative, Singular
अनुग्रहम्favor, benevolence
अनुग्रहम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootअनुग्रह
FormMasculine, Accusative, Singular
प्रतिtowards, with regard to
प्रति:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootप्रति

भीष्य उवाच

B
Bhishma

Educational Q&A

A king’s apparent power is bounded by dharma, practical necessity, and the welfare of subjects; even pleasures, punishments, rewards, and decisions of peace or war are not matters of personal whim but constrained duties requiring restraint and discernment.

In the Shanti Parva’s instruction on rajadharma, Bhishma continues advising the ruler (Yudhishthira) that royal authority is limited: the king must regulate personal enjoyments and govern through measured punishment and benevolence, and even major policies like treaty or conflict are shaped by circumstances and obligation.