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Shloka 41

Balarāma Humbles the Kurus and Rescues Sāmba

लाङ्गलाग्रेण नगरमुद्विदार्य गजाह्वयम् । विचकर्ष स गङ्गायां प्रहरिष्यन्नमर्षित: ॥ ४१ ॥

lāṅgalāgreṇa nagaram udvidārya gajāhvayam vicakarṣa sa gaṅgāyāṁ prahariṣyann amarṣitaḥ

Irado, o Senhor desentranhou a cidade de Gajāhvaya (Hastināpura) com a ponta de seu arado e começou a arrastá-la, pretendendo lançá-la no Ganges.

lāṅgala-agreṇawith the tip of the plough
lāṅgala-agreṇa:
Karaṇa (करण)
TypeNoun
Rootlāṅgala (प्रातिपदिक) + agra (प्रातिपदिक)
Formतत्पुरुष-समास (‘लाङ्गलस्य अग्रेण’), नपुंसकलिङ्ग, तृतीया विभक्ति, एकवचन
nagaramthe city
nagaram:
Karma (कर्म)
TypeNoun
Rootnagara (प्रातिपदिक)
Formनपुंसकलिङ्ग, द्वितीया विभक्ति, एकवचन
udvidāryahaving torn open/split
udvidārya:
Pūrvakāla-kriyā (पूर्वकालक्रिया)
TypeVerb
Rootud-√dṛ (धातु) + ya (ल्यप्/gerund)
Formकृदन्त (ल्यप्/absolutive), अव्ययभाव
gajāhvayam(the city) called ‘Gaja’ (Hastināpura)
gajāhvayam:
Karma (कर्म)
TypeNoun
Rootgaja (प्रातिपदिक) + āhvaya (प्रातिपदिक)
Formकर्मधारय-समास (‘गज-आह्वयम्’ = ‘गज’ इति आह्वयः यस्य), नपुंसकलिङ्ग, द्वितीया विभक्ति, एकवचन; नगरस्य विशेषणम्
vicakarṣahe dragged/pulled
vicakarṣa:
Kriyā (क्रिया)
TypeVerb
Rootvi-√kṛṣ (धातु)
Formलिट् (Perfect), परस्मैपद, प्रथमपुरुष, एकवचन
saḥhe
saḥ:
Karta (कर्ता)
TypeNoun
Roottad (प्रातिपदिक)
Formसर्वनाम (pronoun), पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा विभक्ति, एकवचन
gaṅgāyāmin the Ganges
gaṅgāyām:
Adhikaraṇa (अधिकरण)
TypeNoun
Rootgaṅgā (प्रातिपदिक)
Formस्त्रीलिङ्ग, सप्तमी विभक्ति (Locative/अधिकरण), एकवचन
prahariṣyanintending to strike
prahariṣyan:
Karta (कर्ता)
TypeAdjective
Rootpra-√hṛṣ (धातु) + śatṛ (शतृ, present participle)
Formकृदन्त (शतृ), पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा विभक्ति, एकवचन; भविष्यदर्थे/उद्यतार्थे (about to strike/attack)
amarṣitaḥenraged
amarṣitaḥ:
Karta (कर्ता)
TypeAdjective
Roota- (नञ्) + marṣita (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा विभक्ति, एकवचन; विशेषणम् (qualifying saḥ)

Śrīla Prabhupāda writes as follows: “Lord Balarāma seemed so furious that He looked as if He could burn the whole cosmic creation to ashes. He stood up steadily and, taking His plow in His hand, began striking the earth with it. In this way the whole city of Hastināpura was separated from the earth. Lord Balarāma then began to drag the city toward the flowing water of the river Ganges. Because of this, there was a great tremor throughout Hastināpura, as if there had been an earthquake, and it seemed that the whole city would be dismantled.”

B
Balarāma
G
Gaṅgā
G
Gajāhvaya (Hastināpura)

FAQs

In 10.68.41, Śukadeva describes Balarāma, angered by the Kauravas’ refusal to act justly, using His plow to split and drag Hastināpura toward the Gaṅgā—showing that divine authority subdues pride and restores dharma.

The Kauravas acted arrogantly and rejected rightful, dharmic settlement; Balarāma, as an elder protector of His family’s honor and justice, displayed overwhelming power to curb their pride and compel proper conduct.

It warns against stubborn pride and injustice: when ego resists what is right, consequences follow; cultivate humility, accept correction, and choose dharma over prestige.