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Agni Purana — Dharma-shastra, Shloka 27

प्रायश्चित्तानि (Expiations) — Association-Impurity, Purification Rites, and Graded Penance

स्पर्शसङ्कल्पभूषिता इति झ संसृष्ट इति क यदेति ख , ग , घ , ङ , छ च उपोष्य रजनीमेकां पञ्चगव्येन शुद्ध्यति वैश्येन क्षत्रियेणैव स्नानं नक्तं समाचरेत्

sparśasaṅkalpabhūṣitā iti jha saṃsṛṣṭa iti ka yadeti kha , ga , gha , ṅa , cha ca upoṣya rajanīmekāṃ pañcagavyena śuddhyati vaiśyena kṣatriyeṇaiva snānaṃ naktaṃ samācaret

“Adornado pela intenção no momento do contato” (jha); “misturado/contaminado” (ka); e “quando/se assim for” (kha, ga, gha, ṅa, cha também). Tendo jejuado por uma única noite, purifica-se ao tomar o pañcagavya. Um Vaiśya e, do mesmo modo, um Kṣatriya devem cumprir devidamente o banho noturno (banhar-se ao entardecer como observância).

स्पर्श-सङ्कल्प-भूषिताadorned/characterized by the intention of touch
स्पर्श-सङ्कल्प-भूषिता:
Visheshana (विशेषण)
TypeAdjective
Rootस्पर्श + सङ्कल्प + भूषित (प्रातिपदिक)
Formस्त्रीलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन; बहुपद-तत्पुरुष (स्पर्शस्य/स्पर्शे सङ्कल्पेन भूषिता)
इतिthus
इति:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootइति (अव्यय)
Formउद्धरण/समाप्ति-अव्यय (quotative particle)
(textual marker: jha)
:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootझ (अव्यय/पाठचिह्न)
Formपाठभेद-सूचक (manuscript marker), अव्ययवत्
संसृष्टः(is) associated/mixed
संसृष्टः:
Karta (कर्ता)
TypeVerb
Rootसम्-सृज् (धातु) + क्त (कृत्प्रत्यय)
Formभूतकर्मणि कृदन्त (क्त), पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन; ‘mixed/associated’
इतिthus
इति:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootइति (अव्यय)
Formउद्धरण-अव्यय
(textual marker: ka)
:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootक (अव्यय/पाठचिह्न)
Formपाठभेद-सूचक (manuscript marker), अव्ययवत्
यदाwhen
यदा:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootयदा (अव्यय)
Formकाल-अव्यय (temporal conjunction)
इतिthus
इति:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootइति (अव्यय)
Formउद्धरण-अव्यय
(marker: kha)
:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootख (अव्यय/पाठचिह्न)
Formपाठभेद-सूचक (manuscript marker)
(marker: ga)
:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootग (अव्यय/पाठचिह्न)
Formपाठभेद-सूचक (manuscript marker)
(marker: gha)
:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootघ (अव्यय/पाठचिह्न)
Formपाठभेद-सूचक (manuscript marker)
(marker: ṅa)
:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootङ (अव्यय/पाठचिह्न)
Formपाठभेद-सूचक (manuscript marker)
(marker: cha)
:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootछ (अव्यय/पाठचिह्न)
Formपाठभेद-सूचक (manuscript marker)
and
:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/समुच्चय)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootच (अव्यय)
Formसमुच्चय-अव्यय
उपोष्यhaving fasted
उपोष्य:
Purvakala (पूर्वकाल)
TypeVerb
Rootउप-वास् (धातु) + ल्यप् (कृत्प्रत्यय)
Formक्त्वान्त-समकक्ष (ल्यप्/तुमुनादि), अव्ययभाव (gerund), ‘having fasted’
रजनीम्night
रजनीम्:
Karma (कर्म)
TypeNoun
Rootरजनी (प्रातिपदिक)
Formस्त्रीलिङ्ग, द्वितीया, एकवचन
एकाम्one
एकाम्:
Visheshana (विशेषण)
TypeAdjective
Rootएक (प्रातिपदिक)
Formस्त्रीलिङ्ग, द्वितीया, एकवचन; संख्याविशेषण
पञ्चगव्येनwith pañcagavya (five cow-products)
पञ्चगव्येन:
Karaṇa (करण)
TypeNoun
Rootपञ्चगव्य (प्रातिपदिक)
Formनपुंसकलिङ्ग, तृतीया (करण), एकवचन; द्विगु-समास (पञ्च + गव्य)
शुद्ध्यतिis purified
शुद्ध्यति:
Kriya (क्रिया)
TypeVerb
Rootशुध् (धातु)
Formलट् (present), प्रथमपुरुष, एकवचन; आत्मनेपद
वैश्येनby/for a Vaiśya
वैश्येन:
Karaṇa (करण)
TypeNoun
Rootवैश्य (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, तृतीया (करण), एकवचन
क्षत्रियेणby/for a Kṣatriya
क्षत्रियेण:
Karaṇa (करण)
TypeNoun
Rootक्षत्रिय (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, तृतीया (करण), एकवचन
एवindeed/only
एव:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootएव (अव्यय)
Formअवधारण-अव्यय (emphatic particle)
स्नानम्bathing
स्नानम्:
Karma (कर्म)
TypeNoun
Rootस्नान (प्रातिपदिक)
Formनपुंसकलिङ्ग, द्वितीया, एकवचन
नक्तम्at night
नक्तम्:
Adhikarana (अधिकरण)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootनक्त (प्रातिपदिक)
Formकालवाचक-अव्यय (adverb: ‘at night’)
समाचरेत्should perform/observe
समाचरेत्:
Kriya (क्रिया)
TypeVerb
Rootसम्-आ-चर् (धातु)
Formविधिलिङ् (optative), प्रथमपुरुष, एकवचन; परस्मैपद

Lord Agni (in instruction to Vasiṣṭha, within the Agni Purāṇa’s didactic frame)

Vidya Category: {"primary_vidya":"Dharmashastra","secondary_vidya":"Mantra","practical_application":"Operational rule for purification after contact/contamination: fasting for a night and cleansing with pañcagavya; specifies observance (night-bath) for Vaiśya/Kṣatriya.","sutra_style":true}

Encyclopedic Reference: {"reference_type":"Procedure","entry_title":"Ekā-rātri upavāsa and pañcagavya-śuddhi; naktasnānācāra","lookup_keywords":["pañcagavya","ekarātri-upavāsa","naktasnānā","śuddhi-vidhi","sparśa-doṣa"],"quick_summary":"A one-night fast followed by pañcagavya effects purification for certain contaminations; Vaiśya and Kṣatriya are enjoined to perform the prescribed night-bath as part of the observance."}

Concept: Purity is restored through regulated conduct (upavāsa, snāna) and sanctioned purifiers (pañcagavya).

Application: When śauca is compromised, follow the minimal expiation: one-night fast, pañcagavya intake, and prescribed bathing discipline before resuming rites.

Khanda Section: Dharma-shastra / Shauca-prakarana (Purification rites and expiations)

Primary Rasa: shanta

Visual Art Cues: {"scene_description":"A practitioner completes an overnight fast, then receives pañcagavya and performs evening bath as a formal purification.","kerala_mural_prompt":"Kerala mural, riverside at dusk, figure holding kamaṇḍalu, attendant offering pañcagavya in a small bowl, subdued twilight palette, ritual calm.","tanjore_prompt":"Tanjore style, ornate vessels with gold highlights, cow motif subtly in background, central figure performing naktasnānā, devotional yet procedural composition.","mysore_prompt":"Mysore painting, step-by-step instructional tableau: fasting (moon/night) → pañcagavya intake → evening bath, clear outlines and captions.","mughal_miniature_prompt":"Mughal miniature, detailed bath-ghat scene at evening, refined textiles, small bowl of pañcagavya, marginal annotations indicating ekarātri and śuddhi."}

Audio Atmosphere: {"recitation_mood":"instructional","suggested_raga":null,"pace":"medium","voice_tone":"instructional"}

Sandhi Resolution Notes: रजनीमेकां = रजनीम् एकाम्; क्षत्रियेणैव = क्षत्रियेण एव. प्रारम्भे ‘इति झ/क/ख…’ इत्यादि पाठभेद-चिह्नानि (manuscript markers) इव दृश्यन्ते; अर्थ-व्याकरणे न प्रवर्तन्ते.

Related Themes: Agni Purana 170 (Śauca-prakaraṇa: pañcagavya and fasting rules)

P
Pañcagavya
V
Vaiśya
K
Kṣatriya

FAQs

It prescribes a śauca/prāyaścitta procedure: fasting for one night and purification by pañcagavya, along with the observance of evening (nakta) bathing for Vaiśyas and Kṣatriyas.

Alongside theology and myth, the Agni Purāṇa catalogues practical dharma topics—here, detailed rules of ritual purity, caste-linked observances, and expiatory cleansing methods used in lived religious practice.

It frames bodily and mental purity (touch plus intention) as karmically relevant, and offers a concrete remedial act—fasting, pañcagavya, and prescribed bathing—to remove impurity and restore ritual eligibility.