Verse 4

Yogatattva

Sanskrit (Devanagari)

तमुवाच हृषीकेशो वक्ष्यामि शृणु तत्त्वतः । सर्वे जीवाः सुखैर्दुःखैर्मायाजालेन वेष्टिताः ॥४॥

Padapatha (Word Split)

तम् । उवाच । हृषीकेशः । वक्ष्यामि । शृणु । तत्त्वतः । सर्वे । जीवाः । सुखैः । दुःखैः । मायाजालेन । वेष्टिताः ॥४॥

IAST Transliteration

tam uvāca hṛṣīkeśo vakṣyāmi śṛṇu tattvataḥ | sarve jīvāḥ sukhair duḥkhair māyājālena veṣṭitāḥ ||4||

Translation

ਹ੍ਰਿਸ਼ੀਕੇਸ਼ ਨੇ ਉਸ ਨੂੰ ਕਿਹਾ: “ਮੈਂ ਤੱਤ੍ਵ ਅਨੁਸਾਰ ਸਮਝਾਵਾਂਗਾ—ਸੁਣ। ਸਭ ਜੀਵ ਸੁਖ-ਦੁਖ ਦੇ ਕਾਰਨ ਮਾਇਆ ਦੇ ਜਾਲ ਨਾਲ ਘਿਰੇ ਹੋਏ ਹਨ।”

Academic Translation

Hṛṣīkeśa said to him: “I shall explain—listen in accordance with reality. All living beings are enveloped by the net of māyā, through pleasures and pains.”

Verse Context

• Māyā and bondage (bandha) through dualities (sukha-duḥkha)
• Mahavakya: Indirectly supports ‘tat tvam asi’ by implying the jīva’s apparent bondage is due to māyā, not the true Self.
• Krishna Yajurveda
• Chandas: Anuṣṭubh (śloka)