Verse 11

Ishavasya

Sanskrit (Devanagari)

विद्यां चाविद्यां च यस्तद्वेदोभयं सह । अविद्यया मृत्युं तीर्त्वा विद्ययाऽमृतमश्नुते ॥११॥

Padapatha (Word Split)

विद्याम् । च । अविद्याम् । च । यः । तत् । वेद । उभयम् । सह । अविद्यया । मृत्युम् । तीर्त्वा । विद्यया । अमृतम् । अश्नुते ॥

IAST Transliteration

vidyāṃ cāvidyāṃ ca yas tad vedobhayam saha | avidyayā mṛtyuṃ tīrtvā vidyayā ’mṛtam aśnute ||11||

Translation

ਜੋ ਉਸ ਤੱਤ ਨੂੰ—ਵਿਦਿਆ ਅਤੇ ਅਵਿਦਿਆ ਦੋਹਾਂ ਨੂੰ—ਇਕੱਠੇ ਜਾਣਦਾ ਹੈ, ਉਹ ਅਵਿਦਿਆ ਨਾਲ ਮੌਤ ਨੂੰ ਤਰ ਕੇ, ਵਿਦਿਆ ਨਾਲ ਅਮਰਤਾ ਨੂੰ ਪ੍ਰਾਪਤ ਕਰਦਾ ਹੈ।

Academic Translation

He who knows that—both knowledge and ignorance together—crossing over death by ignorance, attains immortality by knowledge.

Verse Context

• Sādhana-samuccaya (integration of karma/upāsanā leading toward mokṣa); amṛtatva (immortality)
• Mahavakya: Preparatory/indirect: frames the practical and contemplative disciplines that culminate in mahāvākya insight (identity of ātman and brahman) as the decisive ‘vidyā’ for immortality.
• Yajur
• Śukla (Vājasaneyī) Yajurveda; commonly transmitted with the Mādhyandina/Kāṇva recensions of the Vājasaneyī Saṃhitā Shakha
• Chandas: Anuṣṭubh (śloka-like)