Valmiki Ramayana 5.1.137 — Sundara Kanda, Sarga 1, Shloka 137

समुद्रलङ्घनारम्भः

Commencement of the Ocean-Crossing

Devanagari script

तद् द्वितीयं हनुमतो दृष्ट्वा कर्म सुदुष्करम्।प्रशशंसुः सुराः सर्वे सिद्धाश्च परमर्षयः।।।।

Transliteration

tad dvitīyaṃ hanumato dṛṣṭvā karma suduṣkaram | praśaśaṃsuḥ surāḥ sarve siddhāś ca paramarṣayaḥ ||

Translation

ਹਨੁਮਾਨ ਜੀ ਦੇ ਇਸ ਦੂਜੇ ਅਤਿ ਦੁਸ਼ਕਰ ਕਰਤੱਬ ਨੂੰ ਵੇਖ ਕੇ, ਸਾਰੇ ਦੇਵਤਾ, ਸਿੱਧ ਅਤੇ ਪਰਮਰਿਸ਼ੀ ਮਹਾਤਮਾ ਉਨ੍ਹਾਂ ਦੀ ਪ੍ਰਸ਼ੰਸਾ ਕਰਨ ਲੱਗੇ।

Word by Word

• tat: that
• tat: Viśeṣaṇa (विशेषण)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: tad (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Neuter, Accusative (द्वितीया) Singular; demonstrative qualifying dvitīyam/karma

• dvitīyam: second
• dvitīyam: Viśeṣaṇa (विशेषण)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: dvitīya (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Neuter, Accusative (द्वितीया) Singular; ordinal adjective qualifying karma

• hanumataḥ: of Hanumān
• hanumataḥ: Ṣaṣṭhī-sambandha (षष्ठी-सम्बन्ध)
• Type: Noun
• Root: hanumat (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Masculine, Genitive (षष्ठी) Singular

• dṛṣṭvā: having seen
• dṛṣṭvā: Pūrvakāla-kriyā (पूर्वकाल-क्रिया)
• Type: Verb
• Root: dṛś (धातु) + ktvā (क्त्वा)
• Form: Absolutive/Gerund (क्त्वा), indeclinable; ‘having seen’

• karma: deed, act
• karma: Karma (कर्म)
• Type: Noun
• Root: karman (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Neuter, Accusative (द्वितीया) Singular

• suduṣkaram: very difficult
• suduṣkaram: Viśeṣaṇa (विशेषण)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: su (उपसर्ग/अव्यय) + duṣkara (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Neuter, Accusative (द्वितीया) Singular; adjective qualifying karma; ‘very difficult’

• praśaśaṃsuḥ: praised
• praśaśaṃsuḥ: Kriyā (क्रिया)
• Type: Verb
• Root: pra-śaṃs (धातु)
• Form: Liṭ (लिट्, perfect), Parasmaipada, 3rd person Plural

• surāḥ: gods
• surāḥ: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: sura (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Masculine, Nominative (प्रथमा) Plural

• sarve: all
• sarve: Viśeṣaṇa (विशेषण)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: sarva (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Masculine, Nominative (प्रथमा) Plural; qualifying surāḥ

• siddhāḥ: siddhas
• siddhāḥ: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: siddha (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Masculine, Nominative (प्रथमा) Plural

• ca: and
• ca: Samuccaya (समुच्चय)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: ca (अव्यय)
• Form: Avyaya, conjunction

• paramarṣayaḥ: great sages
• paramarṣayaḥ: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: parama (प्रातिपदिक) + ṛṣi (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Masculine, Nominative (प्रथमा) Plural; Karmadhāraya ‘supreme sages’

Context

Gods, siddhas as well as the great sages praised him for the second great achievment of Hanuman, which is impossible for others to accomplish.

Characters & Entities

• Hanumān
• Devas (gods)
• Siddhas
• Paramarṣis (great sages)

FAQs

What is the core ethical principle (Dharma) in this verse?

Dharma includes honoring genuine merit: righteous communities (gods and sages) openly commend extraordinary service done for a just cause.

What is the narrative situation?

Celestial beings witness Hanumān’s formidable progress in the leap and respond with praise.

Which character virtue is emphasized?

Excellence in service (sevā-parāyaṇatā) and extraordinary capability used for a righteous mission.