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Ramayana — Ayodhya Kanda, Sarga 63, Shloka 28

दशरथस्य शोकानुचिन्तनं शब्धवेधि-दोषस्मरणं च

Daśaratha’s grief, karmic reflection, and the remembered ‘śabdavedhī’ misdeed

तस्मिन्निपतिते बाणे वागभूत्तत्र मानुषी। कथमस्मद्विधे शस्त्रं निपतेत्तु तपस्विनि।।2.63.28।।

tasmin nipatite bāṇe vāg abhūt tatra mānuṣī |

katham asmad-vidhe śastraṃ nipatet tu tapasvini || 2.63.28 ||

ਉਹ ਤੀਰ ਲੱਗਦਿਆਂ ਹੀ ਉੱਥੇ ਮਨੁੱਖੀ ਬੋਲੀ ਸੁਣਾਈ ਦਿੱਤੀ: ‘ਮੇਰੇ ਵਰਗੇ ਤਪਸਵੀ ਉੱਤੇ ਸ਼ਸਤ੍ਰ ਕਿਵੇਂ ਡਿੱਗ ਸਕਦਾ ਹੈ?’

praviviktāmlonely, secluded
praviviktām:
Karma (कर्म)
TypeAdjective
Rootpravivikta (प्रातिपदिक)
Formविशेषण, स्त्रीलिङ्ग, द्वितीया एकवचन; नदीम् इति विशेष्यस्य विशेषणम्
nadīmriver
nadīm:
Karma (कर्म)
TypeNoun
Rootnadī (प्रातिपदिक)
Formस्त्रीलिङ्ग, द्वितीया एकवचन
rātrauat night
rātrau:
Adhikarana (अधिकरण)
TypeNoun
Rootrātri (प्रातिपदिक)
Formस्त्रीलिङ्ग, सप्तमी एकवचन
udāhārohamto draw water
udāhāroham:
Prayojana (प्रयोजन)
TypeNoun
Rootudāhāra (प्रातिपदिक) + √ruh (धातु)
Formअव्ययीभाव-समास (purpose/for-taking-water sense: ‘for drawing water’), नपुंसकलिङ्ग, द्वितीया एकवचन; गमनस्य प्रयोजनम्
āgataḥ(I) came
āgataḥ:
Karta (कर्ता)
TypeVerb
Rootā-√gam (धातु)
Formक्त-प्रत्यय (past participle used finitely), पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा एकवचन; कर्तरि प्रयोगः (I have come)
iṣuṇāby an arrow
iṣuṇā:
Karana (करण)
TypeNoun
Rootiṣu (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, तृतीया (3rd case) एकवचन; करण (instrument)
abhihataḥstruck, hit
abhihataḥ:
Karta (कर्ता)
TypeAdjective
Rootabhi-√han (धातु)
Formक्त-प्रत्यय (past passive participle), पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा एकवचन; अहम् (implicit) इति कर्तुः अवस्था (‘struck’)
kenaby whom
kena:
Karana (करण)
TypeNoun
Rootkim (प्रातिपदिक)
Formप्रश्नवाचक सर्वनाम, पुं/नपुंसक, तृतीया एकवचन
kasyaof whom
kasya:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/षष्ठी)
TypeNoun
Rootkim (प्रातिपदिक)
Formप्रश्नवाचक सर्वनाम, पुं/नपुंसक, षष्ठी एकवचन
or
:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/निपात)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootvā (अव्यय)
Formअव्यय, विकल्पार्थक निपात (disjunctive particle ‘or’)
kimwhat
kim:
Karma (कर्म)
TypeNoun
Rootkim (प्रातिपदिक)
Formप्रश्नवाचक सर्वनाम, नपुंसकलिङ्ग, प्रथमा/द्वितीया एकवचन; अत्र द्वितीया (object)
kṛtamdone
kṛtam:
Kriya (क्रिया)
TypeVerb
Root√kṛ (धातु)
Formक्त-प्रत्यय (past participle), नपुंसकलिङ्ग, प्रथमा/द्वितीया एकवचन; ‘done’ (elliptic: what has been done)
mayāby me
mayā:
Karana (करण)
TypeNoun
Rootasmad (प्रातिपदिक)
Formसर्वनाम, तृतीया एकवचन

'I have come to this lonely spot of the river to take water. Who has hit me with this arrow? What (harm) have I done to any one?'

D
Daśaratha
A
ascetic (tapasvin)

FAQs

Dharma condemns unjust harm: those committed to non-violence and austerity should not become targets of aggression or negligent force.

The wounded ascetic speaks out, questioning the justice of being struck by a weapon.

Moral clarity of the victim—he asserts his tapas (ascetic integrity) and the impropriety of violence against him.