Ramayana — Ayodhya Kanda, Sarga 14, Shloka 48

सत्यपाशः

Kaikeyi’s Demand and the Noose of the King’s Promise

Devanagari script

इन्द्रमस्यां तु वेलायामभितुष्टाव मातलिः।।।।सोऽजयद्दानवान्सर्वांस्तथा त्वां बोधयाम्यहम्।

Transliteration

indram asyāṃ tu velāyām abhituṣṭāva mātaliḥ |

so 'jayad dānavān sarvāṃs tathā tvāṃ bodhayāmy aham ||

Translation

ਇਸੇ ਵੇਲੇ ਮਾਤਲੀ ਸਭ ਦਾਨਵਾਂ ਨੂੰ ਜਿੱਤਣ ਵਾਲੇ ਇੰਦਰ ਦੀ ਸਤੁਤੀ ਕਰਦਾ ਹੈ; ਓਸੇ ਤਰ੍ਹਾਂ ਮੈਂ ਵੀ ਤੁਹਾਨੂੰ ਜਗਾਉਂਦਾ ਹਾਂ।

Word by Word

• indram: Indra
• indram: Karma (कर्म)
• Type: Noun
• Root: indra (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, द्वितीया (Acc), एकवचन

• asyām: in this
• asyām: Adhikaraṇa (अधिकरण)
• Type: Noun
• Root: idam (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: स्त्रीलिङ्ग, सप्तमी (Loc), एकवचन; सर्वनाम (pronoun): ‘in this’

• tu: indeed
• tu: Sambandha-dyotaka (सम्बन्ध-द्योतक)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: tu (अव्यय)
• Form: अव्यय, अवधान/विरोधार्थक (particle): ‘but/indeed’

• velāyām: at the time
• velāyām: Adhikaraṇa (अधिकरण)
• Type: Noun
• Root: velā (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: स्त्रीलिङ्ग, सप्तमी (Loc), एकवचन

• abhituṣṭāva: extolled
• abhituṣṭāva: Kriyā (क्रिया)
• Type: Verb
• Root: stu (धातु)
• Form: उपसर्ग: अभि-; लिट्-लकार (Perfect), परस्मैपद, प्रथम-पुरुष, एकवचन

• mātaliḥ: Mātali (charioteer)
• mātaliḥ: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: mātali (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (Nom), एकवचन

• saḥ: he
• saḥ: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: tad (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन; सर्वनाम: ‘he/that (Indra)’

• ajayat: conquered
• ajayat: Kriyā (क्रिया)
• Type: Verb
• Root: ji (धातु)
• Form: लङ्-लकार (Imperfect/Past), परस्मैपद, प्रथम-पुरुष, एकवचन

• dānavān: demons (Dānavas)
• dānavān: Karma (कर्म)
• Type: Noun
• Root: dānava (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, द्वितीया (Acc), बहुवचन (plural)

• sarvān: all
• sarvān: Karma (कर्म)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: sarva (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, द्वितीया, बहुवचन; विशेषण of dānavān

• tathā: in the same way
• tathā: Prakāra-adhikaraṇa (प्रकाराधिकरण)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: tathā (अव्यय)
• Form: अव्यय, क्रियाविशेषण: ‘thus/in the same way’

• tvām: you
• tvām: Karma (कर्म)
• Type: Noun
• Root: yusmad (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: द्वितीया (Acc), एकवचन; सर्वनाम: ‘you’

• bodhayāmi: I awaken/rouse
• bodhayāmi: Kriyā (क्रिया)
• Type: Verb
• Root: budh (धातु)
• Form: णिच्-प्रयोजक (causative), लट्-लकार (Present), परस्मैपद, उत्तम-पुरुष (1st), एकवचन

• aham: I
• aham: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: asmad (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: प्रथमा (Nom), एकवचन; सर्वनाम: ‘I’

Context

Just as Indra's charioteer at this time (at dawn) extols him, the conquerer of demons, so do I rouse you (with a song).

Characters & Entities

• Sumantra
• Daśaratha
• Indra
• Mātali
• Dānavas

FAQs

What is the core ethical principle (Dharma) in this verse?

Dharma of rulership is vigilance and timely awakening; praise is used as a righteous means to prompt a king toward his duties.

What is the narrative situation?

Sumantra begins a formal morning awakening of Daśaratha using divine analogies (Indra and his charioteer).

Which character virtue is emphasized?

Sumantra’s tactful counsel—encouraging duty through respectful, elevating comparison.