Shloka 4

Devanagari script

सान्त्विता मामिका माता दत्तं राज्यमिदं मम।तद्ददामि तवैवाहं भुङ्क्ष्व राज्यमकण्टकम्।।2.105.4।।

Transliteration

sāntvitā māmikā mātā dattaṃ rājyam idaṃ mama | tad dadāmi tavaivāhaṃ bhuṅkṣva rājyam akaṇṭakam || 2.105.4 ||

Translation

ਮੇਰੀ ਮਾਤਾ ਨੂੰ ਸਾਂਤਵਨਾ ਮਿਲ ਗਈ ਹੈ ਅਤੇ ਇਹ ਰਾਜ ਮੈਨੂੰ ਦਿੱਤਾ ਗਿਆ ਸੀ; ਉਹੀ ਰਾਜ ਮੈਂ ਕੇਵਲ ਤੈਨੂੰ ਹੀ ਦੇਂਦਾ ਹਾਂ—ਤੂੰ ਨਿਸ਼ਕੰਟਕ ਰਾਜ ਭੋਗ।

Word by Word

• सान्त्विता: consoled
• सान्त्विता: Karta (कर्ता; as qualifier)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: √सान्त्व्/सान्त्वय् (धातु) + क्त; ‘सान्त्वित’
• Form: भूतकर्मणि कृदन्त (क्त); स्त्रीलिङ्ग; प्रथमा एकवचन; विशेषणम् (qualifies ‘माता’) ‘consoled/pacified’

• मामिका: my own
• मामिका: Karta (कर्ता; as qualifier)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: māmika (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: स्त्रीलिङ्ग; प्रथमा एकवचन; विशेषणम् (my own)

• माता: mother
• माता: Karta (कर्ता/Subject)
• Type: Noun
• Root: mātṛ (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: स्त्रीलिङ्ग; प्रथमा एकवचन

• दत्तम्: given
• दत्तम्: Kriya (क्रिया; predicative)
• Type: Verb
• Root: √दा (धातु) + क्त; ‘दत्त’
• Form: भूतकर्मणि कृदन्त (past passive participle) used predicatively; नपुंसकलिङ्ग; प्रथमा/द्वितीया एकवचन; here with implied ‘अस्ति’ = ‘was given’

• राज्यम्: kingdom
• राज्यम्: Karma (कर्म/Object)
• Type: Noun
• Root: rājya (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग; प्रथमा/द्वितीया एकवचन; कर्म (thing given)

• इदम्: this
• इदम्: Karma (कर्म; as qualifier)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: idam (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: सर्वनाम; नपुंसकलिङ्ग; प्रथमा/द्वितीया एकवचन; विशेषणम् (this)

• मम: to me/of me
• मम: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/Genitive)
• Type: Noun
• Root: asmad (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: सर्वनाम; षष्ठी एकवचन (genitive)

• तत्: that
• तत्: Karma (कर्म/Object)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: tad (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: सर्वनाम; नपुंसकलिङ्ग; द्वितीया एकवचन; विशेषणम् (that) referring to ‘राज्यम्’

• ददामि: I give
• ददामि: Kriya (क्रिया/Verb)
• Type: Verb
• Root: √दा (धातु)
• Form: लट् (present); उत्तमपुरुष (1st person) एकवचन; परस्मैपद

• तव: to you/your
• तव: Sampradana (सम्प्रदान/Recipient)
• Type: Noun
• Root: yusmad (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: सर्वनाम; षष्ठी एकवचन

• एव: alone
• एव: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/Emphasis)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: eva (अव्यय)
• Form: अव्यय; निपात (emphasis) ‘alone/indeed’

• अहम्: I
• अहम्: Karta (कर्ता/Subject)
• Type: Noun
• Root: asmad (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: सर्वनाम; प्रथमा एकवचन

• भुङ्क्ष्व: enjoy
• भुङ्क्ष्व: Kriya (क्रिया/Command)
• Type: Verb
• Root: √भुज् (धातु)
• Form: लोट् (imperative); मध्यमपुरुष (2nd person) एकवचन; आत्मनेपद; ‘enjoy/possess’

• राज्यम्: the kingdom
• राज्यम्: Karma (कर्म/Object)
• Type: Noun
• Root: rājya (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग; द्वितीया एकवचन

• अकण्टकम्: unobstructed
• अकण्टकम्: Karma (कर्म; as qualifier)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: a- + kaṇṭaka (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग; द्वितीया एकवचन; नञ्-तत्पुरुषभाव (negated adjective) ‘without thorns/obstacles’; विशेषणम् (qualifies ‘राज्यम्’)

Context

This kingdom was given to me for the satisfaction of my mother. I am bestowing it back on you. Enjoy it without any obstacles.

Characters & Entities

• Bharata
• Rāma
• Kaikeyī

FAQs

What is the core ethical principle (Dharma) in this verse?

Legitimacy and righteousness of rule: Bharata rejects self-serving power and offers the kingdom to the rightful heir, aligning kingship with dharma rather than desire.

What is the narrative situation?

Bharata approaches Rāma (in exile context) and declares that the kingdom he received due to his mother’s satisfaction is being handed back to Rāma.

Which character virtue is emphasized?

Anāsakti (non-attachment) and integrity: Bharata’s refusal to exploit the boon-driven transfer of power.