Shloka 10

भरतस्य प्रार्थना—रामस्य कालधर्मोपदेशः

Bharata’s Petition and Rama’s Instruction on Time and Mortality

Devanagari script

यथा तु रोपितो वृक्षः पुरुषेण विवर्धितः।ह्रस्वकेण दुरारोहो रूढस्कन्धो महाद्रुमः।।2.105.8।।स यदा पुष्पितो भूत्वा फलानि न विदर्शयेत्।स तां नानुभवेत्प्रीतिं यस्य हेतोः प्ररोपितः।।2.105.9।।एषोपमा महाबाहो तमर्थं वेत्तु मर्हसि।यदि त्वमस्मान्वृषभो भर्ता भृत्यान्न शाधि हि।।2.105.10।।

Transliteration

yathā tu ropito vṛkṣaḥ puruṣeṇa vivardhitaḥ |

hrasvakena durāroho rūḍha-skandho mahā-drumaḥ ||

sa yadā puṣpito bhūtvā phalāni na vidarśayet |

sa tāṃ nānubhavet prītiṃ yasya hetoḥ praropitaḥ ||

eṣopamā mahā-bāho tam arthaṃ vettum arhasi |

yadi tvam asmān vṛṣabho bhartā bhṛtyān na śādhi hi ||

Translation

ਹੇ ਮਹਾਬਾਹੋ, ਇਸ ਉਪਮਾ ਨੂੰ ਵਿਚਾਰ ਕੇ ਇਸ ਦਾ ਅਰਥ ਸਮਝੋ। ਜਿਵੇਂ ਕੋਈ ਮਨੁੱਖ ਰੁੱਖ ਲਗਾ ਕੇ ਉਸ ਦੀ ਸੇਵਾ-ਸੰਭਾਲ ਕਰਦਾ ਹੈ ਅਤੇ ਉਹ ਮੋਟੇ ਤਣੇ ਵਾਲਾ ਮਹਾਵ੍ਰਿਕਸ਼ ਬਣ ਜਾਂਦਾ ਹੈ—ਜਿਸ ਉੱਤੇ ਠਿਗਣਾ ਵੀ ਚੜ੍ਹ ਨਾ ਸਕੇ। ਜੇ ਉਹ ਫੁੱਲ ਤਾਂ ਲਿਆਵੇ ਪਰ ਫਲ ਨਾ ਦਿਖਾਵੇ, ਤਾਂ ਜਿਸ ਮਕਸਦ ਲਈ ਲਗਾਇਆ ਸੀ ਉਸ ਲਈ ਲਗਾਉਣ ਵਾਲੇ ਨੂੰ ਖੁਸ਼ੀ ਨਹੀਂ ਮਿਲਦੀ। ਇਸੇ ਤਰ੍ਹਾਂ, ਹੇ ਵृषਭ ਸਮਾਨ ਰਖਵਾਲੇ, ਸਾਨੂੰ—ਤੁਹਾਡੇ ਆਸਰੇ ਭ੍ਰਿਤਿਆਂ ਨੂੰ—ਸ਼ਾਸਨ ਕਰਕੇ ਮਾਰਗਦਰਸ਼ਨ ਦੇਣ ਤੋਂ ਇਨਕਾਰ ਨਾ ਕਰੋ।

Word by Word

एषाthis

उपमाsimile

महाबाहोO mighty-armed one

तम्that

अर्थम्meaning

वेत्तुम्to know

अर्हसिyou should

यदिif

त्वम्you

अस्मान्us

वृषभःthe best (bull among men)

भर्ताprotector

भृत्यान्servants

नnot

शाधिgovern

हिindeed

Context

O mightyarmed Rama, a man plants a tree, rears it till it grows into such a large tree with a big trunk that it becomes difficult for a dwarf to climb. When the tree flowers but does not bear fruit, the man who planted it gets no pleasure out of the purpose for which the tree was planted. Being a mighty protector, do not chastise us who are your servants. This is a simile. You may better comprehend its implications.(The meaning of the simile is that if you do not assume the throne, the desire of our father, who nurtured you right from your childhood and hoped that one day you will become king and rule the people, will be in vain.)

Characters & Entities

Rama

Bharata

Dasaratha (implied as the one who nurtured Rama)

Ayodhya (implied kingdom)

FAQs

What is the core ethical principle (Dharma) in this verse?

Dharma includes fulfilling the telos of nurture and responsibility: when elders invest in a worthy heir, the heir’s righteous acceptance of duty ‘bears fruit’ for family and society.

What is the narrative situation?

Bharata uses an extended simile of a fruitless tree to argue that Daśaratha’s lifelong hope and preparation for Rāma’s rule should not become futile.

Which character virtue is emphasized?

Bharata’s persuasive wisdom and devotion: he argues not for himself, but for the father’s intention and the people’s welfare.