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Ramayana — Ayodhya Kanda, Sarga 10, Shloka 23

क्रोधागारप्रवेशः — Entry into the Chamber of Wrath

Kaikeyī’s Protest

स वृद्धस्तरुणीं भार्यां प्राणेभ्योपि गरीयसीम्।।।।अपापः पापसङ्कल्पां ददर्श धरणीतले।लतामिव विनिष्कृत्तां पतितां देवतामिव।।।।किन्नरीमिव निर्धूतां च्युतामप्सरसं यथा।मायामिव परिभ्रष्टां हरिणीमिव संयताम्।।।।

sa vṛddhas taruṇīṃ bhāryāṃ prāṇebhyo 'pi garīyasīm |

apāpaḥ pāpasaṅkalpāṃ dadarśa dharaṇītale |

latām iva viniṣkṛttāṃ patitāṃ devatām iva |

kinnarīm iva nirdhūtāṃ cyutām apsarasaṃ yathā |

māyām iva paribhraṣṭāṃ hariṇīm iva saṃyatām ||

ਬੁੱਢੇ ਰਾਜੇ ਨੇ—ਹਿਰਦੇ ਤੋਂ ਨਿਰਛਲ—ਪ੍ਰਾਣਾਂ ਤੋਂ ਵੀ ਪਿਆਰੀ ਆਪਣੀ ਜਵਾਨ ਰਾਣੀ ਨੂੰ ਧਰਤੀ ਉੱਤੇ ਡਿੱਗੀ ਪਈ ਵੇਖਿਆ; ਭਾਵੇਂ ਉਸ ਦੇ ਮਨ ਦੇ ਸੰਕਲਪ ਪਾਪਮਈ ਸਨ। ਉਹ ਕੱਟੀ ਹੋਈ ਲਤਾ ਵਾਂਗ, ਥਾਂ ਤੋਂ ਡਿੱਗੀ ਦੇਵੀ ਵਾਂਗ, ਥੱਲੇ ਸੁੱਟੀ ਕਿੰਨਰੀ ਵਾਂਗ, ਸੁਰਗ ਤੋਂ ਚੁੱਕੀ ਅਪਸਰਾ ਵਾਂਗ, ਭਟਕੀ ਹੋਈ ਮਾਇਆ ਵਾਂਗ, ਅਤੇ ਬੰਨ੍ਹੀ ਹੋਈ ਹਰਣੀ ਵਾਂਗ ਦਿਸਦੀ ਸੀ।

saḥhe
saḥ:
Karta (कर्ता/Subject)
TypeNoun
Roottad (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
FormSarvanāma; Puṃliṅga, Prathamā, Ekavacana
vṛddhaḥaged
vṛddhaḥ:
Viśeṣaṇa (विशेषण/Qualifier)
TypeAdjective
Rootvṛddha (प्रातिपदिक)
FormPuṃliṅga, Prathamā, Ekavacana; qualifies 'saḥ'
taruṇīmyoung
taruṇīm:
Viśeṣaṇa (विशेषण/Qualifier)
TypeAdjective
Roottaruṇī (प्रातिपदिक)
FormStrīliṅga, Dvitīyā, Ekavacana; qualifies 'bhāryām'
bhāryāmwife
bhāryām:
Karma (कर्म/Object)
TypeNoun
Rootbhāryā (प्रातिपदिक)
FormStrīliṅga, Dvitīyā, Ekavacana
prāṇebhyaḥthan (his) life-breaths
prāṇebhyaḥ:
Apādāna (अपादान/Standard of comparison)
TypeNoun
Rootprāṇa (प्रातिपदिक)
FormPuṃliṅga, Pañcamī vibhakti (5th/पञ्चमी), Bahuvacana
apieven
api:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/Particle)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootapi (अव्यय)
FormAvyaya; sambhāvanā/saṃgraha particle (even/also)
garīyasīmdearer/more precious
garīyasīm:
Viśeṣaṇa (विशेषण/Qualifier)
TypeAdjective
Rootgarīyas (प्रातिपदिक; comparative of guru)
FormStrīliṅga, Dvitīyā, Ekavacana; comparative degree; qualifies 'bhāryām'
apāpaḥsinless/guileless
apāpaḥ:
Viśeṣaṇa (विशेषण/Qualifier)
TypeAdjective
Roota-pāpa (प्रातिपदिक)
FormPuṃliṅga, Prathamā, Ekavacana; qualifies 'saḥ'
pāpa-saṅkalpāmof sinful intentions
pāpa-saṅkalpām:
Viśeṣaṇa (विशेषण/Qualifier)
TypeAdjective
Rootpāpa (प्रातिपदिक) + saṅkalpa (प्रातिपदिक)
FormStrīliṅga, Dvitīyā, Ekavacana; samāsa: tatpuruṣa = 'of sinful intent'
dadarśasaw
dadarśa:
Kriyā (क्रिया/Finite verb)
TypeVerb
Root√dṛś (दृश् धातु)
FormLiṭ-lakāra (लिट्/Perfect), Parasmaipada; Prathama-puruṣa, Ekavacana
dharaṇī-taleon the ground
dharaṇī-tale:
Adhikaraṇa (अधिकरण/Location)
TypeNoun
Rootdharaṇī (प्रातिपदिक) + tala (प्रातिपदिक)
FormNapuṃsakaliṅga, Saptamī, Ekavacana; samāsa: tatpuruṣa = 'on the surface of the earth'
latāma creeper
latām:
Upamāna (उपमान/Standard of simile)
TypeNoun
Rootlatā (प्रातिपदिक)
FormStrīliṅga, Dvitīyā, Ekavacana (upamāna)
ivalike
iva:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/Comparator)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootiva (अव्यय)
FormAvyaya; upamā-nipāta
viniṣkṛttāmcut off/severed
viniṣkṛttām:
Viśeṣaṇa (विशेषण/Qualifier)
TypeAdjective
Rootvi-niṣ-√kṛt (कृत् धातु)
FormKṛdanta: PPP (क्त); Strīliṅga, Dvitīyā, Ekavacana; qualifies the seen woman via simile
patitāmfallen
patitām:
Viśeṣaṇa (विशेषण/Qualifier)
TypeAdjective
Rootpatita (प्रातिपदिक; from √pat)
FormKṛdanta: PPP (क्त); Strīliṅga, Dvitīyā, Ekavacana
devatāma goddess
devatām:
Upamāna (उपमान/Standard of simile)
TypeNoun
Rootdevatā (प्रातिपदिक)
FormStrīliṅga, Dvitīyā, Ekavacana (upamāna)
ivalike
iva:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/Comparator)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootiva (अव्यय)
FormAvyaya; upamā-nipāta
kinnarīma kinnari (celestial female)
kinnarīm:
Upamāna (उपमान/Standard of simile)
TypeNoun
Rootkinnarī (प्रातिपदिक)
FormStrīliṅga, Dvitīyā, Ekavacana (upamāna)
ivalike
iva:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/Comparator)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootiva (अव्यय)
FormAvyaya; upamā-nipāta
nirdhūtāmthrown down/shaken off
nirdhūtām:
Viśeṣaṇa (विशेषण/Qualifier)
TypeAdjective
Rootnir-√dhū (धू धातु)
FormKṛdanta: PPP (क्त); Strīliṅga, Dvitīyā, Ekavacana
cyutāmfallen/slipped down
cyutām:
Viśeṣaṇa (विशेषण/Qualifier)
TypeAdjective
Rootcyuta (प्रातिपदिक; from √cyu)
FormKṛdanta: PPP (क्त); Strīliṅga, Dvitīyā, Ekavacana
apsarasaman apsaras
apsarasam:
Upamāna (उपमान/Standard of simile)
TypeNoun
Rootapsaras (प्रातिपदिक)
FormStrīliṅga, Dvitīyā, Ekavacana (upamāna)
yathāas
yathā:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/Comparator)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootyathā (अव्यय)
FormAvyaya; upamā/vidhi-avyaya (as/just as)
māyāman illusion
māyām:
Upamāna (उपमान/Standard of simile)
TypeNoun
Rootmāyā (प्रातिपदिक)
FormStrīliṅga, Dvitīyā, Ekavacana (upamāna)
ivalike
iva:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/Comparator)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootiva (अव्यय)
FormAvyaya; upamā-nipāta
paribhraṣṭāmfallen down/ruined
paribhraṣṭām:
Viśeṣaṇa (विशेषण/Qualifier)
TypeAdjective
Rootpari-√bhraṃś (भ्रंश् धातु)
FormKṛdanta: PPP (क्त); Strīliṅga, Dvitīyā, Ekavacana
hariṇīma doe (female deer)
hariṇīm:
Upamāna (उपमान/Standard of simile)
TypeNoun
Roothariṇī (प्रातिपदिक)
FormStrīliṅga, Dvitīyā, Ekavacana (upamāna)
ivalike
iva:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/Comparator)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootiva (अव्यय)
FormAvyaya; upamā-nipāta
saṃyatāmrestrained/tied down
saṃyatām:
Viśeṣaṇa (विशेषण/Qualifier)
TypeAdjective
Rootsaṃ-√yam (यम् धातु)
FormKṛdanta: PPP (क्त); Strīliṅga, Dvitīyā, Ekavacana

The guileless, old king beheld his youthful wife who was dearer to him than his own life, filled with deceitful intentions. She looked like a severed creeper, like a goddess fallen down, like a 'Kinnari' thrown down on earth, like an 'apsarasa' slipped from heaven, like an illusion torn, like a female deer tied down.

D
Daśaratha
K
Kaikeyī
K
Kinnari (simile)
A
Apsaras (simile)

FAQs

It exposes the moral tension between outward beauty/distress and inner intention: dharma requires discernment (viveka) so that compassion is not exploited by deceit.

Daśaratha sees Kaikeyī on the ground and is overwhelmed; the narrator describes her appearance through a chain of evocative similes.

Daśaratha’s guilelessness and love; the verse implicitly warns that lack of discernment can be a weakness when confronted with adharma.