Markandeya Purana — Adhyaya 39, Shloka 55

Adhyaya 39 — Yoga Discipline: Posture, Breath Control, Sense Withdrawal, and Signs of Attainment

Sanskrit

वात-गुल्मप्रशान्त्यर्थमुदावर्ते तथोदरे ।

यवागूं वापि पवनं वायुग्रन्थिं प्रतिक्षिपेत् ॥

Transliteration

vāta-gulma-praśānty-artham udāvarte tathodare / yavāgūṃ vāpi pavanaṃ vāyu-granthiṃ pratikṣipet

Translation

ਵਾਤ ਦੇ ਰੋਗਾਂ ਦੀ ਸ਼ਾਂਤੀ ਅਤੇ ਗੁਲਮ ਲਈ, ਅਤੇ ਇਸੇ ਤਰ੍ਹਾਂ ਉਦਾਵਰਤ ਤੇ ਪੇਟ ਦੇ ਰੋਗਾਂ ਵਿੱਚ ਯਵਾਗੂ ਦੇਣੀ ਚਾਹੀਦੀ ਹੈ; ਇਹ ਪਵਨ ਨੂੰ ਦਬਾਉਂਦੀ ਹੈ ਅਤੇ ਵਾਯੂ ਦੀ ਗੰਢ (ਗ੍ਰੰਥੀ) ਖੋਲ੍ਹ ਦਿੰਦੀ ਹੈ।

Word by Word

• वात-गुल्म-प्रशान्ति-अर्थम्: for pacification of vāta and gulma
• वात-गुल्म-प्रशान्ति-अर्थम्: प्रयोजन (Purpose/अर्थ)
• Type: Noun
• Root: वात (प्रातिपदिक) + गुल्म (प्रातिपदिक) + प्रशान्ति (प्रातिपदिक) + अर्थ (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: बहुपद-तत्पुरुष-समास; नपुंसकलिङ्ग, द्वितीया (2nd/Accusative), एकवचन; ‘for the purpose of pacifying vāta and gulma’

• उदावर्ते: in udāvarta (upward-moving disorder)
• उदावर्ते: अधिकरण (Adhikaraṇa/Location-condition)
• Type: Noun
• Root: उदावर्त (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुल्लिङ्ग, सप्तमी (7th/Locative), एकवचन

• तथा: also, likewise
• तथा: समुच्चय/उपमान (Adverbial)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: तथा (अव्यय)
• Form: अव्यय (adverb), ‘likewise/also’

• उदरे: in the belly/abdomen
• उदरे: अधिकरण (Adhikaraṇa)
• Type: Noun
• Root: उदर (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, सप्तमी (7th/Locative), एकवचन

• यवागूम्: barley gruel
• यवागूम्: कर्म (Karma/Object)
• Type: Noun
• Root: यवागू (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: स्त्रीलिङ्ग, द्वितीया (2nd/Accusative), एकवचन

• वा: or
• वा: विकल्प (Alternative)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: वा (अव्यय)
• Form: विकल्पबोधक अव्यय (disjunctive particle)

• अपि: also
• अपि: निपात (Particle)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: अपि (अव्यय)
• Form: समुच्चय/अपेक्षाबोधक अव्यय (also/even)

• पवनम्: wind; vāta (air)
• पवनम्: कर्म (Karma/Object)
• Type: Noun
• Root: पवन (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुल्लिङ्ग, द्वितीया (2nd/Accusative), एकवचन

• वायु-ग्रन्थिम्: vāyu-knot (wind blockage)
• वायु-ग्रन्थिम्: कर्म (Karma/Object)
• Type: Noun
• Root: वायु (प्रातिपदिक) + ग्रन्थि (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: तत्पुरुष-समास (षष्ठी: ‘knot of wind’), पुल्लिङ्ग, द्वितीया (2nd/Accusative), एकवचन

• प्रतिक्षिपेत्: should throw in/apply
• प्रतिक्षिपेत्: क्रिया (Verb)
• Type: Verb
• Root: प्रति-क्षिप् (धातु)
• Form: विधिलिङ् (Optative), परस्मैपद, प्रथमपुरुष (3rd person), एकवचन; उपसर्ग: प्रति-

Speakers

• Instructional voice within the chapter

Verse Rasa

{ "primaryRasa": "shanta", "secondaryRasa": "karuna", "rasaIntensity": 0, "emotionalArcPosition": "", "moodDescriptors": [] }

Key Themes

• Yoga
• Ayurvedic concepts
• Vāta pacification
• Therapeutics

FAQs

What is the philosophical or ethical takeaway?

The text assumes a psychosomatic link: faulty practice deranges vāta, producing bodily disorders that then further disturb meditation. Corrective care is part of dharmic self-management.

How does this fit the Pancalakshana (5 characteristics)?

Medical-yogic instruction; not pancalakṣaṇa.

What is the esoteric significance?

‘Vāyu-knot’ mirrors ‘granthi’ language found in yogic traditions: obstructions in subtle flow manifest physically. The remedy indicates softening and unblocking rather than force.