Markandeya Purana — Adhyaya 32, Shloka 26

Adhyaya 32 — Rules for Parvana Śrāddha: Foods that Please the Ancestors and Items to Avoid

Sanskrit

पूति पर्युषितञ्चैव वार्ताक्यभिषवांस्तथा ।

वर्जनीयानि वै श्राद्धे यच्च वस्त्रानिलाहतम् ॥

Transliteration

pūti paryuṣitañ caiva vārtāky-abhiṣavāṃs tathā / varjanīyāni vai śrāddhe yac ca vastrānilāhatam

Translation

ਬਦਬੂਦਾਰ ਅਤੇ ਬਾਸੀ ਅੰਨ, ਅਤੇ ਵਰਤਾਕੀ ਆਦਿ ਕੁਝ ਤਿਆਰੀਆਂ, ਤੇ ਸੁਰਾ/ਆਸਵ ਵਰਗੇ ਖਮੀਰ ਚੜ੍ਹੇ ਨਸ਼ੀਲੇ ਪੇਅ—ਇਹ ਸਭ ਸ਼੍ਰਾਦ੍ਹ ਵਿੱਚ ਵਰਜਿਤ ਹਨ; ਅਤੇ ਉਹ ਕੱਪੜਾ ਵੀ ਜੋ ਹਵਾ ਨਾਲ ਉੱਡ ਕੇ ਮੈਲਾ ਹੋ ਗਿਆ ਹੋਵੇ।

Word by Word

• पूति: foul-smelling; rotten
• पूति: Karma (कर्म—thing to be avoided)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: pūti (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, प्रथमा/द्वितीया, एकवचन; दुर्गन्धयुक्त (as item)

• पर्युषितम्: stale; kept overnight
• पर्युषितम्: Karma (कर्म)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: pari + uṣ (धातु) + क्त (कृदन्त)
• Form: क्त-प्रत्ययान्त कृदन्त (PPP), नपुंसकलिङ्ग, प्रथमा/द्वितीया, एकवचन; 'stale/kept overnight'

• च: and
• च: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: ca (अव्यय)
• Form: अव्यय (conjunction)

• एव: indeed
• एव: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: eva (अव्यय)
• Form: अव्यय (emphasis)

• वार्ताक्यभिषवान्: (things like) eggplant-juice/pressings
• वार्ताक्यभिषवान्: Karma (कर्म—thing to be avoided)
• Type: Noun
• Root: vārtākī + abhiṣava (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: तत्पुरुषसमासः 'वार्ताक्याः अभिषवः' (pressing/juice of eggplant); पुल्लिङ्ग, द्वितीया, बहुवचन

• तथा: also
• तथा: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: tathā (अव्यय)
• Form: अव्यय (adverb)

• वर्जनीयानि: are to be avoided
• वर्जनीयानि: Kriya (क्रिया—predicate adjective)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: वर्ज् (धातु) + अनीयर् (कृदन्त)
• Form: अनीयर्-प्रत्ययान्त (gerundive), नपुंसकलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, बहुवचन; विधेयविशेषणम्

• वै: indeed
• वै: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/emphasis)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: vai (अव्यय)
• Form: अव्यय (emphatic particle)

• श्राद्धे: in śrāddha
• श्राद्धे: Adhikarana (अधिकरण)
• Type: Noun
• Root: śrāddha (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, सप्तमी, एकवचन

• यत्: whatever which
• यत्: Karma (कर्म—thing to be avoided)
• Type: Noun
• Root: yad (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, प्रथमा/द्वितीया, एकवचन; सम्बन्धसूचक

• च: and
• च: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: ca (अव्यय)
• Form: अव्यय (conjunction)

• वस्त्रानिलाहतम्: (food etc.) struck by wind (while covered by cloth)
• वस्त्रानिलाहतम्: Karma (कर्म—thing to be avoided)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: vastra + anila + āhata (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: तत्पुरुषसमासः 'वस्त्रेण/वस्त्र- (संबन्ध) अनिलेन आहतम्' = wind-struck on cloth/through cloth; नपुंसकलिङ्ग, प्रथमा/द्वितीया, एकवचन

Speakers

• Dharmic instruction within Markandeya Purana’s ritual discourse (speaker not specified in the provided excerpt)

Verse Rasa

{ "primaryRasa": "shanta", "secondaryRasa": "dharma", "rasaIntensity": 0, "emotionalArcPosition": "", "moodDescriptors": [] }

Key Themes

• Dharma
• Śrāddha
• Food rules
• Ritual purity (freshness/fit items)

FAQs

What is the philosophical or ethical takeaway?

Offerings should be fresh, sattvic, and carefully maintained; negligence (stale/putrid items) undermines the rite’s dignity and intended benefit.

How does this fit the Pancalakṣaṇa (5 characteristics)?

Ācāra-dharma (ritual injunctions) material; not a pancalakṣaṇa narrative unit.

What is the esoteric significance?

Freshness symbolizes present, attentive consciousness. Fermentation/intoxication symbolizes mental agitation; wind-blown cloth suggests uncontrolled dispersion—each is a metaphor for a scattered sankalpa.