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Markandeya Purana — Adhyaya 23, Shloka 99

Adhyaya 23 — Ashvatara’s Vow for Madalasa and the Bestowal of Musical Science by Sarasvati

Sanskrit

मृदङ्गपणवातोद्यम् हारिवेश्मशताकुलम् ।

वीक्षमाणः स पातालं ययौ शत्रुजितः सुतः ॥

Transliteration

mṛdaṅgapaṇavātodyaṃ hāriveśmaśatākulam | vīkṣamāṇaḥ sa pātālaṃ yayau śatrujitaḥ sutaḥ ||

Translation

ਪਾਤਾਲ ਮ੍ਰਿਦੰਗ ਅਤੇ ਪਣਵ ਦੇ ਵਾਜਿਆਂ ਦੀ ਕ੍ਰੀੜਾ ਨਾਲ ਭਰਿਆ ਹੋਇਆ ਸੀ ਅਤੇ ਸੈਂਕੜੇ ਸ਼ਾਨਦਾਰ ਮਹਲਾਂ ਨਾਲ ਭੀੜਿਆ ਹੋਇਆ ਸੀ। ਇਹ ਵੇਖ ਕੇ ਸ਼ਤ੍ਰੁਜਿਤ ਦਾ ਪੁੱਤਰ ਅੱਗੇ ਵਧਿਆ।

Word by Word
मृदङ्गdrum (mṛdaṅga)
मृदङ्ग:
समासाङ्ग (Compound member)
TypeNoun
Rootमृदङ्ग (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग; समासे पूर्वपद
पणवpaṇava drum
पणव:
समासाङ्ग (Compound member)
TypeNoun
Rootपणव (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग; समासे पूर्वपद
आतोद्यmusical instrument
आतोद्य:
समासाङ्ग (Compound head)
TypeNoun
Rootआतोद्य (प्रातिपदिक)
Formनपुंसकलिङ्ग; समासे उत्तरपद — ‘musical instrument’
मृदङ्गपणवातोद्यं(a place) full of drums and instruments
मृदङ्गपणवातोद्यं:
विशेषण (Adjectival to implied place/scene)
TypeNoun
Rootमृदङ्ग + पणव + आतोद्य (प्रातिपदिक)
Formसमाहार-द्वन्द्व (mṛdaṅga, paṇava, and other instruments as a set), नपुंसकलिङ्ग, प्रथमा/द्वितीया, एकवचन — Neuter, Nom/Acc Singular
हारिcharming
हारि:
विशेषण (Adjectival)
TypeAdjective
Rootहारि (प्रातिपदिक)
Formसमासे पूर्वपद-विशेषण — ‘charming/attractive’
वेश्मmansion/house
वेश्म:
समासाङ्ग (Compound member)
TypeNoun
Rootवेश्मन्/वेश्म (प्रातिपदिक)
Formनपुंसकलिङ्ग; समासे मध्यपद — ‘house/mansion’
शतhundred
शत:
समासाङ्ग (Compound member)
TypeNoun
Rootशत (प्रातिपदिक)
Formनपुंसकलिङ्ग; संख्यावाचक; समासे पूर्वपद
आकुलम्crowded/filled
आकुलम्:
विशेषण (Predicate/Qualifier)
TypeAdjective
Rootआकुल (प्रातिपदिक)
Formनपुंसकलिङ्ग, प्रथमा/द्वितीया, एकवचन — Neuter, Nom/Acc Singular; ‘crowded/full of’
हारिवेश्मशताकुलम्filled with hundreds of charming mansions
हारिवेश्मशताकुलम्:
विशेषण (Adjectival to implied object/scene)
TypeAdjective
Rootहारि + वेश्म + शत + आकुल (प्रातिपदिक)
Formतत्पुरुष (हारिणि वेश्मशते आकुलम्—filled with hundreds of charming mansions), नपुंसकलिङ्ग, प्रथमा/द्वितीया, एकवचन — Neuter, Nom/Acc Singular
वीक्षमाणःlooking/observing
वीक्षमाणः:
कर्ता (Agent/कर्ता)
TypeAdjective
Rootवीक्ष् (धातु) + शानच् (कृदन्त)
Formवर्तमानकाले शानच्-प्रत्ययान्त कृदन्त (present middle participle), पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन — PMP, Masculine, Nominative Singular; कर्तरि ‘while looking’
सःhe
सः:
कर्ता (Subject/कर्ता)
TypeNoun
Rootतद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन — Pronoun, Masculine, Nominative Singular
पातालम्Pātāla (netherworld)
पातालम्:
कर्म (Object/कर्म)
TypeNoun
Rootपाताल (प्रातिपदिक)
Formनपुंसकलिङ्ग, द्वितीया, एकवचन — Neuter, Accusative Singular
ययौwent
ययौ:
क्रिया (Action)
TypeVerb
Rootया (धातु)
Formलिट् (परोक्षभूत/Perfect), प्रथमपुरुष, एकवचन — Perfect, 3rd person singular; परस्मैपद
शत्रुजितःconqueror of enemies
शत्रुजितः:
विशेषण (Adjectival)
TypeAdjective
Rootशत्रु + जित् (प्रातिपदिक)
Formतत्पुरुष (शत्रून् जयति इति/शत्रुजित्), पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन — Masculine, Nominative Singular; विशेषण (to sutaḥ/saḥ)
सुतःson
सुतः:
कर्ता (Subject/कर्ता)
TypeNoun
Rootसुत (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन — Masculine, Nominative Singular
Speakers
Narrator voice (frame-speaker not identifiable from verses alone)
Verse Rasa

{ "primaryRasa": "adbhuta", "secondaryRasa": "vira", "rasaIntensity": 0, "emotionalArcPosition": "", "moodDescriptors": [] }

Key Themes
Pātāla prosperityRoyal journeySoundscape (drums, music)

FAQs

The prince’s attentive gaze (vīkṣamāṇaḥ) models mindful observation rather than rash judgment; the unknown is approached through careful seeing.

Ākhyāna with royal-identification (vaṃśānucarita-adjacent, since the prince is named via his father Śatrujit).

Drums and mansions can represent rhythmic prāṇa and stable inner ‘structures’; the path through Pātāla is a passage through energized but organized inner domains.

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