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Shloka 53

राजधर्मः—प्रमादवर्जनं, दण्डनीतिः, दुर्बलरक्षणम्

Royal Dharma: Vigilance, Just Punishment, Protection of the Vulnerable

त्यजन्ति दारान्‌ पुत्रांश्न मनुष्या: परिपूजिता: । संग्रहश्चवैव भूतानां दानं च मधुरा च वाक्‌ू

tyajanti dārān putrāṁś ca manuṣyāḥ paripūjitāḥ | saṁgrahaś caiva bhūtānāṁ dānaṁ ca madhurā ca vāk ||

ਉਤਥ੍ਯ ਨੇ ਆਖਿਆ—ਸਨਮਾਨਿਤ ਲੋਕ ਵੀ ਪਤਨੀ ਅਤੇ ਪੁੱਤਰਾਂ ਨੂੰ ਤਿਆਗ ਦੇਂਦੇ ਹਨ। ਇਸ ਲਈ ਜੋ ਸੱਚਮੁੱਚ ਜੀਵਨ ਨੂੰ ਥਾਂਮਦਾ ਹੈ, ਉਸ ਨੂੰ ਪਾਲੋ—ਜੀਵਾਂ ਲਈ ਸਹਾਰਾ ਤੇ ਸੰਭਾਲ, ਦਾਨ, ਅਤੇ ਮਿੱਠੀ ਤੇ ਮਿਲਾਪ ਕਰਾਉਣ ਵਾਲੀ ਬਾਣੀ।

त्यजन्तिthey abandon/leave
त्यजन्ति:
TypeVerb
Rootत्यज्
FormLat (Present Indicative), 3rd, Plural, Parasmaipada
दारान्wives
दारान्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootदार
FormMasculine, Accusative, Plural
पुत्रान्sons
पुत्रान्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootपुत्र
FormMasculine, Accusative, Plural
मनुष्याःpeople/humans
मनुष्याः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootमनुष्य
FormMasculine, Nominative, Plural
परिपूजिताःhonoured/revered
परिपूजिताः:
TypeAdjective
Rootपरि-पूजित
FormMasculine, Nominative, Plural, kta (past passive participle)
संग्रहःsupport/holding together; care
संग्रहः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootसंग्रह
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
and
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
एवindeed/only
एव:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootएव
भूतानाम्of beings/creatures
भूतानाम्:
Sampradana
TypeNoun
Rootभूत
FormNeuter, Genitive, Plural
दानम्giving; charity
दानम्:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootदान
FormNeuter, Nominative, Singular
and
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
मधुराsweet/pleasant
मधुरा:
TypeAdjective
Rootमधुर
FormFeminine, Nominative, Singular
and
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
वाक्speech/words
वाक्:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootवाच्
FormFeminine, Nominative, Singular

उतथ्य उवाच

U
Utathya
W
wives (dārāḥ)
S
sons/children (putrāḥ)
L
living beings (bhūtāni)

Educational Q&A

Utathya emphasizes that worldly ties—even to spouse and children—can be relinquished, so one should ground one’s life in enduring virtues: supporting living beings (compassionate care), practicing dāna (generosity), and speaking with madhurā vāk (gentle, beneficial speech).

In the Shanti Parva’s ethical instruction, Utathya is delivering counsel on dharma: he contrasts the instability of familial attachments with the stability of moral conduct, urging practices that preserve social and spiritual well-being.