Mantra 1

Sukta 25

Sanskrit (Devanagari)

अश्वावति प्रथमो गोषु गच्छति सुप्रावीरिन्द्र मर्त्यस्तवोतिभिः । तमित् पृणक्षि वसुना भवीयसा सिन्धुमापो यथाभितो विचेतसः

IAST Transliteration

aśvā́vatí prathamó góṣu gacchati suprāvī́r índra mártyas távōtíbhiḥ | tám íd pṛṇákṣi vásunā bhávīyasā síndhum ā́po yáthābhíto vícetasah

English Translation (Griffith/Whitney)

Foremost in horse-wealth, foremost amid kine, the mortal fares on, O Indra, by thy succouring aids. Him verily thou fillest with ampler treasure, as the Waters from all sides fill the River, wide-working.

Translation

ਘੋੜਾ-ਧਨ ਵਿੱਚ ਅੱਗੇ, ਗਊਆਂ ਵਿੱਚ ਵੀ ਅੱਗੇ—ਹੇ ਇੰਦਰ, ਤੇਰੀ ਰੱਖਿਆਕਾਰੀ ਮਦਦਾਂ ਨਾਲ ਮਰਤਯ ਅੱਗੇ ਵਧਦਾ ਹੈ। ਉਸ ਨੂੰ ਤੂੰ ਹੋਰ ਵੱਡੇ ਧਨ ਨਾਲ ਭਰ ਦੇਂਦਾ ਹੈਂ, ਜਿਵੇਂ ਹਰ ਪਾਸੇ ਤੋਂ ਪਾਣੀਆਂ ਨਦੀ ਨੂੰ ਭਰ ਦਿੰਦੀਆਂ ਹਨ—ਵਿਆਪਕ ਕਰਮ ਕਰਨ ਵਾਲੀਆਂ।

Word by Word

• अश्वावति: in/among the horse-possessing (ones)
• अश्वावति: अधिकारण
• Type: Adjective
• Root: अश्वावत् (प्रातिपदिक) < अश्व

• प्रथमः: the first, foremost
• प्रथमः: कर्तृ
• Type: Adjective
• Root: प्रथम (प्रातिपदिक)

• गोषु: among the cows/cattle
• गोषु: अधिकारण
• Type: Noun
• Root: गो (प्रातिपदिक)

• गच्छति: goes, proceeds
• गच्छति: —
• Type: Verb
• Root: गम् (धातु)

• सुप्रावीरि: O very-heroic/possessing good heroes
• सुप्रावीरि: सम्बोधन
• Type: Adjective (vocative epithet)
• Root: सु-प्र-वीरि (प्रातिपदिक; सु + प्र + वीर/वीर्य-सम्बद्ध)

• इन्द्र: O Indra
• इन्द्र: सम्बोधन
• Type: Noun (proper)
• Root: इन्द्र (प्रातिपदिक)

• मर्त्यः: a mortal
• मर्त्यः: कर्तृ
• Type: Noun
• Root: मर्त्य (प्रातिपदिक)

• तव: of you, your
• तव: सम्बन्ध
• Type: Pronoun
• Root: युष्मद् (सर्वनाम)

• ऊतिभिः: with (your) helps/protections
• ऊतिभिः: करण
• Type: Noun
• Root: ऊति (प्रातिपदिक)

• तम्: him
• तम्: कर्म
• Type: Pronoun
• Root: तद् (सर्वनाम)

• इत्: indeed, just
• इत्: —
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: इत् (निपात; वैदिक)

• पृणक्षि: you fill, you satisfy
• पृणक्षि: —
• Type: Verb
• Root: पॄ/पृ (धातु; ‘पूरणे’)

• वसुनā: with wealth/good
• वसुनā: करण
• Type: Noun
• Root: वसु (प्रातिपदिक)

• भवीयसा: with more abundant (wealth)
• भवीयसा: करण
• Type: Adjective
• Root: भवीयस् (प्रातिपदिक; ‘भू’ से तुलनात्मक ‘more abundant/better’)

• सिन्धुम्: the river/stream (Sindhu)
• सिन्धुम्: कर्म
• Type: Noun
• Root: सिन्धु (प्रातिपदिक)

• आपः: waters
• आपः: कर्तृ
• Type: Noun
• Root: अप् (प्रातिपदिक; बहुवचन-प्रयोगः)

• यथा: as, just as
• यथा: —
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: यथा (अव्यय)

• अभितः: around, on all sides
• अभितः: —
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: अभितः (अव्यय)

• विचेतसः: widely-spreading/variously-moving (or: discerning)
• विचेतसः: कर्तृ
• Type: Adjective
• Root: वि-चेतस् (प्रातिपदिक)

Attribution

Rishi: As in RV parallel (Indra prosperity hymn; RV-derived in AV 20)

Devata: Indra (with implicit Āpas in simile)

Chandas: Triṣṭubh (longer pādas; RV-style)

Mantra Rasa

{"primary_rasa":"vira","secondary_rasa":"adbhuta","emotional_arc":"From assertion of Indra’s enabling help → to vivid image of overflowing replenishment → to settled confidence in increase.","listener_experience":"Uplifted, emboldened, ‘expanded’—a sense that resources can arrive from many directions.","intensity":6}