Sutra 44
Devanagari script
कोशाभावे च शक्यः कुप्येन भूम्या परभूमिस्वयं ग्राहेण वा दण्डः पिण्डयितुम् दण्डवता च कोशः ॥ कZ_०८.१.४४ ॥
Transliteration
kośābhāve ca śakyaḥ kupyena bhūmyā parabhūmi-svayaṃ-grāheṇa vā daṇḍaḥ piṇḍayitum; daṇḍavatā ca kośaḥ.
Translation
ਅਤੇ ਕੋਸ਼ ਨਾ ਹੋਵੇ ਤਾਂ ਵੀ ਕੂਪ੍ਯ (ਕੀਮਤੀ ਵਸਤਾਂ), ਜ਼ਮੀਨ, ਜਾਂ ਦੂਜੇ ਦੀ ਜ਼ਮੀਨ ਕਬਜ਼ੇ/ਸਵੈ-ਅਰਜਿਤ ਕਬਜ਼ੇ ਰਾਹੀਂ ਦੰਡ-ਸ਼ਕਤੀ ਨੂੰ ਮੁੜ ਇਕੱਠਾ ਕੀਤਾ ਜਾ ਸਕਦਾ ਹੈ; ਅਤੇ ਦੰਡ-ਸ਼ਕਤੀ ਹੋਵੇ ਤਾਂ ਕੋਸ਼ ਵੀ ਬਣਾਇਆ ਜਾ ਸਕਦਾ ਹੈ।
Word by Word
कोश-अभावेin the absence of the treasury (funds)
कोश-अभावे:
TypeNoun
Rootकोश / अभाव
Formपुंलिङ्ग (कोश) + पुंलिङ्ग (अभाव); एकवचन; सप्तमी; ‘कोशस्य अभावे’
चand
च:
TypeParticle
Rootच
Formसमुच्चय-अव्यय
शक्यःis possible / can be done
शक्यः:
TypeAdjective (verbal derivative)
Rootशक्
Formकृदन्त-विशेषण (शक्य = ‘possible/able to be done’); पुंलिङ्ग; एकवचन; प्रथमा
कुप्येनby movable goods / by valuables
कुप्येन:
TypeNoun
Rootकुप्य
Formनपुंसकलिङ्ग; एकवचन; तृतीया
भूम्याby land (as payment)
भूम्या:
TypeNoun
Rootभूमि
Formस्त्रीलिङ्ग; एकवचन; तृतीया
पर-भूमि-स्वयम्-ग्राहेणby self-seizure (appropriation) of another’s land
पर-भूमि-स्वयम्-ग्राहेण:
TypeNoun (compound)
Rootपर / भूमि / स्वयम् / ग्राह
Formसमस्तपदम्; पुंलिङ्ग; एकवचन; तृतीया; अर्थः—‘परभूमेः स्वयम्-ग्रहणम्’ (self-seizure/appropriation of another’s land)
वाor
वा:
TypeParticle
Rootवा
Formविकल्प-अव्यय
दण्डःthe fine/penalty
दण्डः:
TypeNoun
Rootदण्ड
Formपुंलिङ्ग; एकवचन; प्रथमा
पिण्डयितुम्to collect / to realise (the fine)
पिण्डयितुम्:
TypeVerb (infinitive)
Rootपिण्डय्
Formतुमुन्-प्रत्ययान्त अव्यय (infinitive); अर्थः ‘समाहर्तुम्/एकत्र कर्तुम्/वसूल कर्तुम्’
दण्ड-वतāby the authority empowered to punish (the punisher)
दण्ड-वतā:
TypeAdjective (compound)
Rootदण्ड / वत्
Form‘दण्ड’ + ‘वत्’ (possessing/with); पुंलिङ्ग; एकवचन; तृतीया; अर्थः ‘दण्डवता (राज्ञा/अधिकारेण)’
चand
च:
TypeParticle
Rootच
Formसमुच्चय-अव्यय
कोशःthe treasury (is replenished/constituted)
कोशः:
TypeNoun
Rootकोश
Formपुंलिङ्ग; एकवचन; प्रथमा
Entities Mentioned
K
kośa (treasury)D
daṇḍa (coercive power)K
kupya (valuables)B
bhūmi (land)FAQs
By mobilizing in-kind assets (valuables), leveraging land resources, and—if necessary—territorial seizure to generate maintainable force.
Once coercive capacity is restored, it can secure and expand revenues, recreating the treasury.