Sutra 20
Devanagari script
कोशो दण्डः कुप्यं विष्टिर्वाहनं निचयाश्च जनपदादुत्तिष्ठन्ते ॥ कZ_०८.१.२० ॥
Transliteration
kośo daṇḍaḥ kupyaṃ viṣṭir vāhanaṃ nicayāś ca janapadād uttiṣṭhante.
Translation
ਖ਼ਜ਼ਾਨਾ, ਦੰਡ (ਸੈਨਾ/ਸਜ਼ਾ-ਸ਼ਕਤੀ), ਕੁਪ੍ਯ (ਵਸਤੂ-ਸਾਮਾਨ), ਵਿਟੀ (ਬੇਗਾਰ/ਲਾਜ਼ਮੀ ਸੇਵਾ), ਵਾਹਨ ਅਤੇ ਨਿਚਯ (ਭੰਡਾਰ)—ਇਹ ਸਭ ਜਨਪਦ ਤੋਂ ਹੀ ਉੱਠਦੇ ਹਨ।
Word by Word
कोशःtreasury; state revenue/treasure
कोशः:
TypeNoun
Rootकोश
Formपुंलिङ्गः, प्रथमा-एकवचनम्
दण्डःpunishment; coercive power/penal authority
दण्डः:
TypeNoun
Rootदण्ड
Formपुंलिङ्गः, प्रथमा-एकवचनम्
कुप्यम्movable goods; equipment/implements (state stores)
कुप्यम्:
TypeNoun
Rootकुप्य
Formनपुंसकलिङ्गः, प्रथमा-एकवचनम्
विष्टिःforced labour; corvée
विष्टिः:
TypeNoun
Rootविष्टि
Formस्त्रीलिङ्गः, प्रथमा-एकवचनम्
वाहनम्transport; vehicles (chariots, elephants, horses, etc.)
वाहनम्:
TypeNoun
Rootवाहन
Formनपुंसकलिङ्गः, प्रथमा-एकवचनम्
निचयाःaccumulations; stockpiles/reserves
निचयाः:
TypeNoun
Rootनिचय
Formपुंलिङ्गः, प्रथमा-बहुवचनम्
चand
च:
TypeParticle
Rootच
Formसमुच्चयार्थक-अव्ययम्
जनपदात्from the countryside/province (territory)
जनपदात्:
TypeNoun
Rootजनपद
Formपुंलिङ्गः, पञ्चमी-एकवचनम् (अपादानम्)
उत्तिष्ठन्तेarise; originate; are produced
उत्तिष्ठन्ते:
TypeVerb
Rootउत्-स्था
Formलट्-लकारः, प्रथमपुरुषः, बहुवचनम्, आत्मनेपदम्
Entities Mentioned
J
janapada (countryside/realm)K
kośa (treasury)D
daṇḍa (coercive power)K
kupya (commodities)V
viṣṭi (corvée labor)V
vāhana (transport)N
nicaya (stores)FAQs
Kauṭilya treats finance, coercion, and supply as an integrated system rooted in territorial productivity; protecting and managing the countryside is strategic administration.