Sutra 35

Devanagari script

खातप्रावृत्तिमनदीनिबन्धायतनतटाककेदारारामषण्डवापानां सस्यवर्णभागोत्तरिकमन्येभ्यो वा यथोपकारं दद्युः ॥ कZ_०३.९.३५ ॥

Transliteration

khātaprāvṛttimanadīnibandhāyatanataṭākakedārārāmaṣaṇḍavāpānāṃ sasyavarṇabhāgottarikam anyebhyo vā yathopakāraṃ dadyuḥ

Translation

ਜੋ ਸਿੰਚਾਈ ਅਤੇ ਜਲ-ਕੰਮ—ਨਹਿਰਾਂ/ਖਾਤ, ਦਰਿਆਈ ਬੰਧ, ਜਲਾਸ਼ੇ, ਤਲਾਬ, ਕੇਦਾਰ (ਖੇਤ/ਸਿੰਚਾਈ-ਬੈਡ), ਬਾਗ, ਜੰਗਲ-ਝੁੰਡ, ਅਤੇ ਕੂਏਂ—ਸ਼ੁਰੂ ਕਰਦੇ ਜਾਂ ਸੰਭਾਲਦੇ ਹਨ, ਉਨ੍ਹਾਂ ਨੂੰ ਕਿਸਾਨ ਪ੍ਰਾਪਤ ਲਾਭ ਦੇ ਅਨੁਪਾਤ ਵਿੱਚ ਨਿਯਮਤ ਫਸਲ-ਹਿੱਸੇ ਤੋਂ ਵੱਧ ਵਾਧੂ ਹਿੱਸਾ (ਜਾਂ ਸਮਤੁਲ ਛੂਟ) ਦੇਣ; ਜਾਂ ਲੋੜ ਅਨੁਸਾਰ ਹੋਰਾਂ ਰਾਹੀਂ ਸਮਾਨ ਮੁਆਵਜ਼ਾ ਦੇਣ।

Word by Word

• खात: a dug channel/ditch (irrigation work)
• Type: Noun
• Root: खन्
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग; प्रथमा/द्वितीया एकवचन (समासपूर्वपद-रूप)

• प्रावृत्तिम्: the bringing into operation/flow (of water); commencement of water-supply
• Type: Noun
• Root: प्र+वृत्
• Form: स्त्रीलिङ्ग; द्वितीया एकवचन

• अनदी: an artificial river/stream (canal)
• Type: Noun
• Root: नदी (नद्)
• Form: स्त्रीलिङ्ग; प्रथमा एकवचन (समासपूर्वपद-रूप)

• निबन्ध: a dam/embankment; binding structure
• Type: Noun
• Root: नि+बन्ध्
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग; प्रथमा/द्वितीया एकवचन (समासपूर्वपद-रूप)

• आयतन: a site/place; (water-)receptacle location
• Type: Noun
• Root: आ+यत् (→ आयतन)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग; प्रथमा/द्वितीया एकवचन (समासपूर्वपद-रूप)

• तटाक: a tank/reservoir
• Type: Noun
• Root: तटाक
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग; प्रथमा/द्वितीया एकवचन (समासपूर्वपद-रूप)

• केदार: an irrigated field
• Type: Noun
• Root: केदार
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग; प्रथमा/द्वितीया एकवचन (समासपूर्वपद-रूप)

• आराम: a garden/orchard
• Type: Noun
• Root: आराम
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग; प्रथमा/द्वितीया एकवचन (समासपूर्वपद-रूप)

• षण्ड: a grove/wooded tract
• Type: Noun
• Root: षण्ड
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग; प्रथमा/द्वितीया एकवचन (समासपूर्वपद-रूप)

• वापानाम्: of wells/cisterns (water-works)
• Type: Noun
• Root: वापी
• Form: स्त्रीलिङ्ग; षष्ठी बहुवचन

• सस्यवर्णभागोत्तरिकम्: an extra (amount) over and above the share assessed according to the crop’s yield/grade
• Type: Noun
• Root: —
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग; द्वितीया एकवचन; समासः = सस्य-वर्ण-भाग-उत्तरिक (समासपद)

• अन्येभ्यः: than others; from others
• Type: Pronoun
• Root: अन्य
• Form: पुं/नपुंसक; पञ्चमी बहुवचन

• वा: or
• Type: Particle
• Root: वा
• Form: अव्यय; विकल्पार्थक

• यथा: according as; in proportion as
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: यथा
• Form: अव्यय; प्रकार/अनुपातार्थक

• उपकारम्: benefit/service rendered
• Type: Noun
• Root: उप+कृ
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग; द्वितीया एकवचन (अव्ययीभाव-प्रयोग: यथोपकारम्)

• दद्युः: they should give/grant
• Type: Verb
• Root: दा
• Form: लिङ् (विधिलिङ्); परस्मैपद; प्रथमपुरुष; बहुवचन

Entities Mentioned

• cultivators
• builders/maintainers of water-works
• irrigation assets (canals, bunds, tanks, wells, orchards, groves)

More Details

FAQs

What administrative principle is established here for irrigation works?

Those who benefit from water infrastructure must compensate contributors proportionate to the benefit—an incentive-compatible, benefit-based contribution rule.

Why is an 'additional share' mentioned beyond the normal produce share?

To reward capital/labour invested in water-works and ensure continued maintenance, without undermining the standard fiscal assessment.