Sutra 21

Devanagari script

पशुप्रचारार्थं विवीतमालवनेनोपजीवेयुः ॥ कZ_०३.१०.२१ ॥

Transliteration

paśupracārārthaṃ vivītam ālavanenopajīveyuḥ

Translation

ਪਸ਼ੂ ਚਰਾਉਣ ਲਈ ਲੋਕ ਨਿਰਧਾਰਤ ਚਰਾਗਾਹ (ਵਿਵੀਤ) ਅਤੇ ਨਾਲ ਲੱਗੇ ਜੰਗਲ/ਬਾਗ਼ੀਚਾ ਖੇਤਰ (ਆਲਵਨ) ਦੀ ਵਰਤੋਂ ਕਰਨ।

Word by Word

• पशु: cattle/animals (livestock)
• Type: Noun
• Root: पशु
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग/नपुंसकलिङ्ग; प्रथमा/द्वितीया एकवचन (समासपूर्वपद)

• प्रचारार्थम्: for the purpose of grazing/pasturing (movement for pasture)
• Type: Noun (Kṛdanta)
• Root: प्र-चर्
• Form: ‘प्रचार’ (घञ्-प्रत्ययान्त भाववाचक) + ‘अर्थ’ (अर्थम् = प्रयोजनम्); नपुंसकलिङ्ग; द्वितीया एकवचन; अव्ययीभावार्थे प्रयुक्तम् (हेतौ/प्रयोजने)

• विवीतम्: an enclosed/reserved pasture-ground (a demarcated grazing tract)
• Type: Noun (Kṛdanta)
• Root: वि-वे
• Form: ‘विवीत’ (क्त-प्रत्यय; ‘वि-वे’/‘वी’ धातु-सम्बद्ध ‘विवीत’ = पृथक्कृत/परिवृत/नियत-सीमित); नपुंसकलिङ्ग; द्वितीया एकवचन; कर्मपदम्

• आलवनेन: by/with a pasture-wood/forest tract (ālavanam)
• Type: Noun
• Root: आलवन
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग; तृतीया एकवचन; करण/साधन-कारक (उपजीवनस्य साधनम्)

• उपजीवेयुः: they should make their livelihood / subsist
• Type: Verb
• Root: उप-जीव्
• Form: लिङ् (विधिलिङ्); परस्मैपदम्; प्रथमपुरुष; बहुवचन; विधि/आदेशार्थक

Entities Mentioned

• pasture (vivīta)
• forest/grove (ālavanam)
• livestock owners (implied)

More Details

FAQs

How does this verse reflect statecraft in rural economy?

It separates and legitimizes grazing spaces (vivīta/ālavanam), reducing crop conflict and stabilizing livestock-based livelihoods.