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Sutra 12

अतोऽन्यथा न सिध्येयुः अपाश्रयवद्भिश्च कृताः पितृमता पुत्रेण पित्रा पुत्रवता निष्कुलेन भ्रात्रा कनिष्ठेनाविभक्तांशेन पतिमत्या पुत्रवत्या च स्त्रिया दासाहितकाभ्यामप्राप्तातीतव्यवहाराभ्यामभिशस्तप्रव्रजितन्यङ्गव्यसनिभिश्च अन्यत्र निषृष्टव्यवहारेभ्यः ॥ कZ_०३.१.१२ ॥

ato 'nyathā na sidhyeyuḥ apāśrayavadbhiś ca kṛtāḥ pitṛmatā putreṇa pitrā putravatā niṣkulena bhrātrā kaniṣṭhena avibhaktāṃśena patimatyā putravatyā ca striyā dāsāhitakābhyām aprāptātīta-vyavahārābhyām abhiśasta-pravrajita-nyaṅga-vyasanibhiś ca anyatra niṣṛṣṭa-vyavahārebhyaḥ

ਇਸ ਲਈ ਹੋਰਥਾਂ ਇਹ ਵੈਧ ਨਹੀਂ—ਆਸਰਾ/ਸੁਤੰਤਰ ਹੈਸियत ਤੋਂ ਵਾਂਝੇ ਵਿਅਕਤੀਆਂ ਵੱਲੋਂ ਕੀਤੇ ਲੈਣ-ਦੇਣ; ਅਤੇ (i) ਪਿਤਾ ਜੀਉਂਦਾ ਹੋਵੇ ਤਾਂ ਪੁੱਤਰ ਵੱਲੋਂ, (ii) ਯੋਗ/ਹਾਜ਼ਰ ਪੁੱਤਰ ਹੋਵੇ ਤਾਂ ਪਿਤਾ ਵੱਲੋਂ, (iii) ਕੁਲ/ਵੰਸ਼-ਆਧਾਰ ਨਾ ਹੋਵੇ ਤਾਂ ਭਰਾ ਵੱਲੋਂ, (iv) ਛੋਟੇ ਭਰਾ ਵੱਲੋਂ, (v) ਅਵਿਭਕਤ ਹਿੱਸੇਦਾਰ ਵੱਲੋਂ, (vi) ਪਤੀ ਵਾਲੀ ਔਰਤ ਵੱਲੋਂ, (vii) ਪੁੱਤਰ ਵਾਲੀ ਔਰਤ ਵੱਲੋਂ, (viii) ਗੁਲਾਮ ਅਤੇ ਤਨਖਾਹਦਾਰ ਨੌਕਰ ਵੱਲੋਂ, (ix) ਜਿਨ੍ਹਾਂ ਨੇ ਹਾਲੇ ਕਾਨੂੰਨੀ ਸਮਰੱਥਾ ਨਹੀਂ ਪਾਈ ਜਾਂ ਗੁਆ ਚੁੱਕੇ ਹਨ, ਅਤੇ (x) ਦੋਸ਼ਾਰੋਪਿਤ/ਦੋਸ਼ੀ, ਪ੍ਰਵ੍ਰਜਿਤ, ਅੰਗਹੀਣ ਜਾਂ ਨਸ਼ੇੜੀ ਵਿਅਕਤੀਆਂ ਵੱਲੋਂ—ਸਿਵਾਏ ਉਹਨਾਂ ਲੈਣ-ਦੇਣਾਂ ਦੇ ਜੋ ਸਪਸ਼ਟ ਤੌਰ ‘ਤੇ ਅਧਿਕ੍ਰਿਤ/ਸੌਂਪੇ ਗਏ ਹੋਣ।

अतःtherefore
अतः:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootअतः
Formavyaya; hetvartha/ataḥ = 'therefore/for this reason'
अन्यथाotherwise
अन्यथा:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootअन्यथा
Formavyaya; manner adverb
not
:
TypeParticle
Root
Formnegation particle
सिध्येयुःwould be accomplished / would be valid
सिध्येयुः:
TypeVerb
Rootसिध्
Form√सिध्; विधिलिङ् (optative), परस्मैपद; 3rd person plural; (they) would succeed/be valid
अपाश्रयवत्भिःby persons lacking support/standing
अपाश्रयवत्भिः:
TypeNoun/Adjective
Rootअपाश्रयवत्
Formबहुव्रीहि adj. 'having no support/guardian'; तृतीया बहुवचन (instrumental plural), masculine/neuter usage; qualifies agents
and
:
TypeParticle
Root
Formconjunction
कृताःdone / made
कृताः:
TypeVerb (PPP used adjectivally)
Rootकृ
Formकृ (PPP) कृत; प्रथमा बहुवचन, masculine; agrees with implied 'व्यवहाराः/कर्माणि' etc.
पितृमताby one who has a father
पितृमता:
TypeNoun/Adjective
Rootपितृमत्
Formमतुप्-प्रत्ययान्त adj. 'having a father'; तृतीया एकवचन (instrumental singular), masculine
पुत्रेणby a son
पुत्रेण:
TypeNoun
Rootपुत्र
Formतृतीया एकवचन (instrumental singular), masculine
पित्राby a father
पित्रा:
TypeNoun
Rootपितृ
Formतृतीया एकवचन (instrumental singular), masculine
पुत्रवताby one who has a son
पुत्रवता:
TypeNoun/Adjective
Rootपुत्रवत्
Formवतुप्-प्रत्ययान्त adj. 'having a son'; तृतीया एकवचन (instrumental singular), masculine
निष्कुलेनby one without a family/lineage
निष्कुलेन:
TypeNoun/Adjective
Rootनिष्कुल
Formadj. 'without family/lineage'; तृतीया एकवचन (instrumental singular), masculine/neuter
भ्रात्राby a brother
भ्रात्रा:
TypeNoun
Rootभ्रातृ
Formतृतीया एकवचन (instrumental singular), masculine
कनिष्ठेनby the younger (brother)
कनिष्ठेन:
TypeNoun/Adjective
Rootकनिष्ठ
Formadj. 'younger'; तृतीया एकवचन (instrumental singular), masculine
अविभक्तांशेनby one having an undivided share
अविभक्तांशेन:
TypeNoun
Rootअविभक्तांश
Formकर्मधारय: अविभक्त + अंश; 'undivided share'; तृतीया एकवचन (instrumental singular), masculine
पतिमत्याby a woman who has a husband
पतिमत्या:
TypeNoun/Adjective
Rootपतिमत्
Formमतुप्-प्रत्ययान्त adj. 'having a husband'; तृतीया एकवचन (instrumental singular), feminine
पुत्रवत्याby a woman who has a son
पुत्रवत्या:
TypeNoun/Adjective
Rootपुत्रवत्
Formवतुप्-प्रत्ययान्त adj. 'having a son'; तृतीया एकवचन (instrumental singular), feminine
and
:
TypeParticle
Root
Formconjunction
स्त्रियाby a woman
स्त्रिया:
TypeNoun
Rootस्त्री
Formतृतीया एकवचन (instrumental singular), feminine
दासslave/servant
दास:
TypeNoun
Rootदास
Formसमासपूर्वपद; 'slave/servant'
आहितकाभ्याम्by the slave and the āhitaka (dependent/retainer)
आहितकाभ्याम्:
TypeNoun
Rootआहितक
Formतृतीया/पञ्चमी/षष्ठी द्विवचन (instr/abl/gen dual), neuter/masc usage; here with दास- : 'by/with the slave and the āhitaka'
अप्राप्तnot having obtained / not having access
अप्राप्त:
TypeAdjective (PPP)
Rootअप्राप्त
Formनञ्-पूर्वक PPP; 'not obtained/without access'; in compound with -व्यवहार
अतीतexpired / lapsed
अतीत:
TypeAdjective (PPP)
Rootअतीत
FormPPP; 'gone beyond/expired'; in compound with -व्यवहार
व्यवहाराभ्याम्in (legal) transactions / dealings
व्यवहाराभ्याम्:
TypeNoun
Rootव्यवहार
Formतृतीया/पञ्चमी/षष्ठी द्विवचन (instr/abl/gen dual), masculine; here: 'by those (two kinds) in respect of transactions'
अभिशस्तaccused/denounced
अभिशस्त:
TypeAdjective (PPP)
Rootअभिशस्त
FormPPP; 'accused/denounced/convicted'; in compound list
प्रव्रजितbanished/renounced
प्रव्रजित:
TypeAdjective (PPP)
Rootप्रव्रजित
FormPPP; 'gone forth/banished/renounced'; in compound list
न्यङ्गmaimed/crippled
न्यङ्ग:
TypeNoun/Adjective
Rootन्यङ्ग
Formadj./noun; 'maimed/crippled' (ny-aṅga)
व्यसनिaddicted / vice-ridden
व्यसनि:
TypeNoun/Adjective
Rootव्यसनि
Formi-stem; 'addicted/afflicted by vice/misfortune'; in compound list
भिः(by)
भिः:
TypeCase-ending (part of word)
Rootभिस्
Formतृतीया बहुवचन ending; completes the instrumental plural for the preceding compound list
अन्यत्रexcept
अन्यत्र:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootअन्यत्र
Formavyaya; 'except/elsewhere'
निषृष्टentrusted / authorized
निषृष्ट:
TypeAdjective (PPP)
Rootनिष्√सृज्
FormPPP of निष्+√सृज्; 'entrusted/authorized'
व्यवहारेभ्यःfrom (such) transactions / in matters of transaction
व्यवहारेभ्यः:
TypeNoun
Rootव्यवहार
Formपञ्चमी बहुवचन (ablative plural), masculine; 'from/except in transactions'
F
father
S
son
B
brother
Y
younger brother
U
undivided co-parcener
M
married woman
W
woman with a son
S
slave
H
hired servant
A
accused/convicted persons
R
renunciants
P
persons with disability
A
addicts

FAQs

Only persons with recognized capacity/authority can bind property and obligations; where status implies dependence or impaired judgment, transactions are invalid unless formally authorized.