Sutra 15

Devanagari script

त्र्यङ्गुलावरं मध्यमावरयोः ॥ कZ_०२.३०.१५ ॥

Transliteration

try-aṅgulāvaraṃ madhyamāvarayoḥ

Translation

ਮੱਧਮ ਅਤੇ ਨੀਵੀਂ ਸ਼੍ਰੇਣੀ ਲਈ (ਉੱਤਮ ਨਿਰਧਾਰਣ ਤੋਂ) ਮਿਆਰ ਤਿੰਨ ਅੰਗੁਲ ਘੱਟ ਹੁੰਦਾ ਹੈ।

Word by Word

• त्रि: three
• Type: Numeral
• Root: त्रि
• Form: संख्या-शब्दः; (समासपूर्वपद)

• अङ्गुल: aṅgula (finger-breadth; a unit of length)
• Type: Noun
• Root: अङ्गुलि
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग; प्रथमा/द्वितीया एकवचन (मात्रा/परिमाणवाचक-समासाङ्ग)

• अवरम्: the lower (minimum) [measure]
• Type: Adjective (used substantively)
• Root: अवर
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग; प्रथमा/द्वितीया एकवचन; विशेषणम् (परिमाणे ‘न्यूनतमम्/अधमम्’ इत्यर्थे)

• मध्यम: the middle (medium) [measure]
• Type: Adjective (used substantively)
• Root: मध्यम
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग; प्रथमा/द्वितीया एकवचन; विशेषणम् (परिमाणे ‘मध्यमम्’ इत्यर्थे)

• अवरयोः: of (or: in) the two lower [ones/grades]
• Type: Adjective (used substantively)
• Root: अवर
• Form: पुं/नपुंसकलिङ्ग; षष्ठी/सप्तमी द्विवचन; ‘अवर’ (द्वयोः) — ‘of/in the two lower (grades)’

Entities Mentioned

• horse grades (uttama/madhyama/avara)
• aṅgula

More Details

FAQs

How does a fixed reduction help administration?

It creates predictable grade-differentials for valuation, pay, and rationing—limiting discretionary manipulation by stable officials.