Sutra 31

Devanagari script

शुल्बरूपं सुवर्णपत्त्रसंहतं प्रमृष्टं सुपार्श्वम् तदेव यमकपत्त्रसंहतं प्रमृष्टं ताम्रताररुपं चोत्तरवर्णकः ॥ कZ_०२.१४.३१ ॥

Transliteration

śulbarūpaṃ suvarṇapattrasaṃhataṃ pramṛṣṭaṃ supārśvam tadeva yamakapattrasaṃhataṃ pramṛṣṭaṃ tāmratārarupaṃ cottaravarṇakaḥ

Translation

ਤਾਂਬੇ ਦੇ ਰੂਪ ਵਾਲਾ ਟੁਕੜਾ, ਜਿਸ ਉੱਤੇ ਸੋਨੇ ਦੇ ਪੱਤਰ ਦੀ ਪਰਤ ਚੜ੍ਹੀ ਹੋਵੇ, ਜੋ ਪਾਲਿਸ਼ ਕੀਤਾ ਹੋਵੇ ਅਤੇ ਜਿਸ ਦੇ ਪਾਸੇ ਚੰਗੀ ਤਰ੍ਹਾਂ ਬਣੇ ਹੋਣ; ਇਸੇ ਤਰ੍ਹਾਂ ਦੋਹਰੇ ਪੱਤਰ (ਯਮਕਪੱਤਰ) ਨਾਲ ਪਰਤਿਤ ਤੇ ਪਾਲਿਸ਼ ਕੀਤਾ ਹੋਇਆ; ਅਤੇ ਤਾਂਬੇ-ਤਾਰ ਦੇ ਰੂਪ ਵਾਲਾ—ਇਹ ਸਭ ‘ਉੱਤਰਵਰਨਕ’ (ਉੱਚ ਵਰਣ/ਉੱਤਮ ਰੰਗ ਵਾਲੇ) ਹਨ।

Word by Word

• शुल्बरूपम्: (having) the form/standard of base metal (copper/bronze)
• Type: Noun/Adjective
• Root: शुल्ब
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्गे प्रथमा/द्वितीया एकवचनम्; रूप-शब्देन सह कर्मधारयः (शुल्बस्य रूपम्)

• सुवर्णपत्त्रसंहतम्: laminated/covered with gold leaf
• Type: Adjective
• Root: सुवर्ण
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्गे प्रथमा/द्वितीया एकवचनम्; षष्ठी-तत्पुरुषः: सुवर्णस्य पत्त्राणि (gold leaves) + संहत (joined/laminated)

• प्रमृष्टम्: rubbed/polished (burnished)
• Type: Participle
• Root: मृश् (मृज्)
• Form: भूतकृदन्त (क्त); नपुंसकलिङ्गे प्रथमा/द्वितीया एकवचनम्; प्र-उपसर्गः

• सुपार्श्वम्: having good/even sides
• Type: Adjective
• Root: पार्श्व
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्गे प्रथमा/द्वितीया एकवचनम्; सु-उपसर्गः

• तत्: that (same object)
• Type: Pronoun
• Root: तद्
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्गे प्रथमा/द्वितीया एकवचनम्

• एव: indeed/just
• Type: Particle
• Root: एव
• Form: अव्यय

• यमकपत्त्रसंहतम्: laminated with double leaf (two-layer plating)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: यमक
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्गे प्रथमा/द्वितीया एकवचनम्; षष्ठी-तत्पुरुषः: यमकस्य पत्त्राणि + संहत

• प्रमृष्टम्: rubbed/polished
• Type: Participle
• Root: मृश् (मृज्)
• Form: भूतकृदन्त (क्त); नपुंसकलिङ्गे प्रथमा/द्वितीया एकवचनम्

• ताम्रताररूपम्: having the appearance/colour of copper wire
• Type: Noun/Adjective
• Root: ताम्र
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्गे प्रथमा/द्वितीया एकवचनम्; तत्पुरुषः: ताम्र-तार (copper wire/filament) + रूप

• च: and
• Type: Conjunction
• Root: च
• Form: अव्यय

• उत्तरवर्णकः: (it is) of the higher/superior colour-grade
• Type: Noun
• Root: वर्णक
• Form: पुंलिङ्गे प्रथमा एकवचनम्; उत्तर-वर्णक (विशेषण-विशेष्यभावः)

Entities Mentioned

• copper form
• gold leaf laminate
• double leaf
• polishing
• copper wire

More Details

FAQs

What does ‘uttaravarṇaka’ convey administratively?

That fraudsters engineer superior-looking color/finish to pass visual grading—so governance must not rely on hue/polish as proof of value.

What inspection weakness is targeted?

Overreliance on surface finish and edge quality; the passage warns that excellent workmanship can still conceal base-metal interiors.