Sutra 38

Devanagari script

क्षेपणः काचार्पणादीनि ॥ कZ_०२.१३.३८ ॥

Transliteration

kṣepaṇaḥ kācārpaṇādīni

Translation

‘ਕ੍ਸ਼ੇਪਣ’ ਵਿੱਚ ਕੱਚ ਪਾ ਦੇਣਾ/ਮਿਲਾ ਦੇਣਾ ਆਦਿ (ਬਦਲੀ) ਤਰੀਕੇ ਸ਼ਾਮਲ ਹਨ।

Word by Word

• क्षेपणः: expulsion/banishment; the act or penalty of casting out/removing
• Type: Noun
• Root: क्षिप्
• Form: पुंलिङ्गः, प्रथमा-एकवचनम्; कृत्-प्रत्ययान्तः (ल्युट्/अन-प्रत्ययः), ‘क्षेपण’ = क्षेपणम्/क्षेपणः (प्रयोगे पुं.)

• काचार्पणादीनि: the offering/presentation of glass (or crystal) and similar (acts/items)
• Type: Noun
• Root: अर्प् (अर्पण) / आ + दा (आदि)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्गः, प्रथमा-बहुवचनम्; समासः: काच-अर्पण-आदि-नि (काचार्पण + आदि + इनि/नि-प्रत्ययेन बहुवचनरूपम्); ‘…आदीनि’ = ‘…and the like (items/acts)’

Entities Mentioned

• kāca (glass)

More Details

FAQs

What kind of fraud does 'kṣepaṇa' indicate in modern terms?

Material substitution or dilution—adding cheaper material (e.g., glass) to imitate higher-value goods.