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Agni Purana — Kosha, Shloka 9

Chapter 366 — सामान्यनामलिङ्गानि

Common Noun-Forms and Their Grammatical Genders

यः सहाञ्चति स सध्र्यङ् स तिर्यङ् यस्तिरो ऽञ्चति वाचोयुक्तिः पटुर्वाग्मी वावदूकश् च वक्तरि

yaḥ sahāñcati sa sadhryaṅ sa tiryaṅ yastiro 'ñcati vācoyuktiḥ paṭurvāgmī vāvadūkaś ca vaktari

ਜੋ ਨਾਲ ਨਾਲ (ਇੱਕੋ ਦਿਸ਼ਾ ਵਿੱਚ) ਚਲੇ ਉਹ ‘ਸਧ੍ਰ੍ਯਂਗ’ ਕਹਿੰਦੇ ਹਨ; ਜੋ ਆੜੇ/ਤਿਰਛੇ ਚਲੇ ਉਹ ‘ਤਿਰ੍ਯਂਗ’; ਅਤੇ ਜੋ ਹਟ ਕੇ ਵਕਰੀ ਚਾਲ ਨਾਲ ਚਲੇ ਉਹ ‘ਤਿਰੋ’ੰਚਤੀ’ ਹੈ। ਵਕਤਾ ਵਿੱਚ ‘ਵਾਚੋਯੁਕਤੀ’ ਵਾਕ-ਰਚਨਾ ਦੀ ਯੁਕਤਤਾ ਹੈ; ‘ਪਟੁ’ ਬੋਲਣ ਦਾ ਕੌਸ਼ਲ; ‘ਵਾਗਮੀ’ ਵਕਤ੍ਰਿਤਾ; ਅਤੇ ‘ਵਾਵਦੂਕ’ ਬਹੁਤ ਬੋਲਣ ਵਾਲਾ।

यःwho (he)
यः:
Karta (कर्ता)
TypeNoun
Rootयद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st), एकवचन; सम्बन्ध-सर्वनाम
सहtogether/with
सह:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootसह (अव्यय)
Formअव्यय; उपसर्ग/पूर्वपद-प्राय, ‘सह/साकम्’ अर्थे
अञ्चतिmoves/goes
अञ्चति:
Kriya (क्रिया)
TypeVerb
Rootअञ्च् (धातु)
Formलट्, प्रथमपुरुष, एकवचन; परस्मैपद
सःhe
सः:
Karta (कर्ता)
TypeNoun
Rootतद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन; सर्वनाम
सध्र्यङ्straight/forward (direction)
सध्र्यङ्:
Adhikarana (अधिकरण)
TypeAdjective
Rootसध्र्यञ्च् (प्रातिपदिक)
Formदिशावाचक-विशेषण; प्रथमा, एकवचन; अव्यय-प्राय रूप (ङ्-प्रत्ययान्त)
सःhe
सः:
Karta (कर्ता)
TypeNoun
Rootतद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन
तिर्यङ्sideways/obliquely
तिर्यङ्:
Adhikarana (अधिकरण)
TypeAdjective
Rootतिर्यञ्च् (प्रातिपदिक)
Formदिशावाचक-विशेषण; प्रथमा, एकवचन; अव्यय-प्राय (ङ्-प्रत्ययान्त)
यःwho (he)
यः:
Karta (कर्ता)
TypeNoun
Rootयद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन
तिरःacross/aside/obliquely
तिरः:
Kriya-visheshana (क्रियाविशेषण)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootतिरस् (अव्यय)
Formअव्यय; क्रियाविशेषण (adverb) ‘तिर्यक्/अन्तर्धान/पार्श्वतः’ अर्थे
अञ्चतिmoves/goes
अञ्चति:
Kriya (क्रिया)
TypeVerb
Rootअञ्च् (धातु)
Formलट्, प्रथमपुरुष, एकवचन; परस्मैपद
वाचः-युक्तिःskill in speech
वाचः-युक्तिः:
Karta (कर्ता)
TypeNoun
Rootवाच् (प्रातिपदिक) + युक्ति (प्रातिपदिक)
Formस्त्रीलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन; षष्ठी-तत्पुरुषः (वाचः युक्तिः)
पटुःclever, sharp
पटुः:
Karta (कर्ता)
TypeAdjective
Rootपटु (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन; विशेषण
वाग्मीeloquent
वाग्मी:
Karta (कर्ता)
TypeAdjective
Rootवाग्मिन् (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन; इन्-प्रत्ययान्त विशेषण
वावदूकःtalkative, prattling
वावदूकः:
Karta (कर्ता)
TypeAdjective
Rootवावदूक (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन; विशेषण
and
:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootच (अव्यय)
Formअव्यय; समुच्चय (conjunction)
वक्तरिin/for a speaker
वक्तरि:
Adhikarana (अधिकरण)
TypeNoun
Rootवक्तृ (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, सप्तमी (7th/Locative), एकवचन

Lord Agni (narrating the encyclopedic disciplines to Sage Vasiṣṭha)

Vidya Category: {"primary_vidya":"Vyakarana","secondary_vidya":"Alamkara","practical_application":"Clarifies directional-motion compounds/derivatives (sadhryaṅ, tiryaṅ, tiro’ñcati) and speaker-qualities (vācoyukti, paṭu, vāgmī, vāvadūka) for accurate usage in commentary, grammar, and rhetoric.","sutra_style":true}

Encyclopedic Reference: {"reference_type":"Definition","entry_title":"Directional terms and speaker-qualities: sadhryaṅ, tiryaṅ, tiro’ñcati; vācoyukti, paṭu, vāgmī, vāvadūka","lookup_keywords":["sadhryaṅ","tiryaṅ","tiro’ñcati","vāgmī","vācoyukti"],"quick_summary":"Gives compact semantic definitions for motion-direction terms and for rhetorical labels describing a speaker’s phrasing skill, eloquence, or garrulity."}

Concept: Precision in śabda-prayoga: mapping verbal roots/usages to clear meanings; ethical-aesthetic discernment in speech.

Application: Cultivates disciplined communication—aim for vācoyukti and vāgmī-hood; avoid vāvadūkatā (mere talkativeness) in debate and teaching.

Khanda Section: Sahitya-shastra (Vyakarana/Nirukta—lexical and semantic definitions)

Primary Rasa: adbhuta

Secondary Rasa: śānta

Visual Art Cues: {"scene_description":"A teacher draws three arrows—straight, crosswise, and oblique—to illustrate sadhryaṅ/tiryaṅ/tiro’ñcati; beside him, four portraits of speakers: apt phraser, skilled rhetor, eloquent orator, and a garrulous talker.","kerala_mural_prompt":"Kerala mural, guru with stylus drawing directional arrows on a board, three paths in bold colors, four speaker-figures with distinct expressions (measured, sharp, radiant, overly talkative), temple-school ambience.","tanjore_prompt":"Tanjore painting, seated acharya with golden arch, directional arrows rendered as decorative motifs, four labeled speaker archetypes, gold embossing on manuscript and ornaments.","mysore_prompt":"Mysore painting, didactic composition: diagrammatic arrows and labeled terms, refined faces showing speech qualities, clean layout like a pedagogic chart.","mughal_miniature_prompt":"Mughal miniature, madrasa-like setting, scholar illustrating directions with arrows on paper, four courtiers representing vācoyukti/paṭu/vāgmī/vāvadūka, intricate textiles and margins with calligraphy."}

Audio Atmosphere: {"recitation_mood":"instructional","suggested_raga":"Kalyani","pace":"medium","voice_tone":"instructional"}

Sandhi Resolution Notes: सहाञ्चति = सह अञ्चति; तिरो ऽञ्चति = तिरः अञ्चति; वाचोयुक्तिः = वाचः युक्तिः; पटुर्वाग्मी = पटुः वाग्मी; वावदूकश् च = वावदूकः च

Related Themes: Agni Purana Sahitya-shastra: sections on doṣa/guṇa of speech and poet’s qualifications (nearby in 366)

A
Agni Purana
S
Sanskrit speech (vāk)
V
Vyākaraṇa (grammar/usage)

FAQs

It imparts linguistic/lexical knowledge: precise definitions for motion-direction terms (sadhryaṅ, tiryaṅ, tiro’ñcati) and technical labels for qualities of a speaker (vācoyukti, paṭu, vāgmī, vāvadūka).

Beyond mythology and rites, the Agni Purana catalogues practical disciplines; here it preserves Sanskrit usage and rhetorical taxonomy—showing it functions as a reference compendium for language, semantics, and learned discourse.

By promoting precise and appropriate speech (vācoyukti) and warning against mere verbosity (vāvadūka), it supports satya and śuddha-vāk—disciplined speech regarded as ethically purifying and conducive to dharma.