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Agni Purana — Agneya-vidya, Shloka 21

Chapter 39 — भूपरिग्रहविधानम्

Bhū-parigraha-vidhāna: Procedure for Acquiring and Ritually Securing Land

नद्यद्रिषु इति ख, ग, ङ, चिह्नितपुस्तकत्रयपाठः यवाष्टकैर् अङ्गुलं स्याच्चतुर्विंशाङ्गुलः करः चतुरङ्गुलसंयुक्तः स हस्तः पद्महस्तकः

nadyadriṣu iti kha, ga, ṅa, cihnitapustakatrayapāṭhaḥ yavāṣṭakair aṅgulaṃ syāccaturviṃśāṅgulaḥ karaḥ caturaṅgulasaṃyuktaḥ sa hastaḥ padmahastakaḥ

ਖ, ਗ ਅਤੇ ਙ ਨਿਸ਼ਾਨ ਵਾਲੀਆਂ ਤਿੰਨ ਹਸਤਲਿਖਤਾਂ ਵਿੱਚ ਪਾਠ “ਨਦ੍ਯਦ੍ਰਿਸ਼ੁ” ਹੈ। ਅੱਠ ਯਵ ਮਿਲ ਕੇ ਇੱਕ ਅੰਗੁਲ ਹੁੰਦਾ ਹੈ; ਚੌਵੀ ਅੰਗੁਲ ਦਾ ਇੱਕ ਕਰ; ਅਤੇ ਉਸ ਵਿੱਚ ਚਾਰ ਅੰਗੁਲ ਜੋੜਨ ਨਾਲ ਉਹ ਹਸਤ ਕਹਿੰਦਾ ਹੈ, ਜਿਸ ਨੂੰ ‘ਪਦਮਹਸਤ’ ਆਖਦੇ ਹਨ।

नदि-अद्रिषुin rivers and mountains
नदि-अद्रिषु:
Adhikarana (अधिकरण)
TypeNoun
Rootनदि-अद्रि (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग (अद्रि) / स्त्रीलिङ्ग (नदि) समाहार-द्वन्द्वः; सप्तमी (अधिकरण/7th), बहुवचन; ‘in rivers and mountains’
इतिthus
इति:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/quotation)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootइति (अव्यय)
Formउद्धरण/समाप्त्यर्थक अव्यय (quotative particle)
(letter) kha
:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootख (अव्यय/वर्ण)
Formवर्ण-निर्देश (letter-name)
(letter) ga
:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootग (अव्यय/वर्ण)
Formवर्ण-निर्देश (letter-name)
(letter) ṅa
:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootङ (अव्यय/वर्ण)
Formवर्ण-निर्देश (letter-name)
चिह्नित-पुस्तक-त्रय-पाठःthe reading of three marked manuscripts (variant note)
चिह्नित-पुस्तक-त्रय-पाठः:
Karta (कर्ता)
TypeNoun
Rootचिह्नित + पुस्तक + त्रय + पाठ (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (कर्ता/1st), एकवचन; बहुपद-तत्पुरुषः (‘reading of three marked manuscripts’)
यव-अष्टकैःby eight barley-corns
यव-अष्टकैः:
Karana (करण)
TypeNoun
Rootयव-अष्टक (प्रातिपदिक)
Formनपुंसकलिङ्ग, तृतीया (करण/3rd), बहुवचन; तत्पुरुषः (‘by sets of eight barley-corns’)
अङ्गुलम्a finger-breadth (aṅgula)
अङ्गुलम्:
Karta (कर्ता)
TypeNoun
Rootअङ्गुल (प्रातिपदिक)
Formनपुंसकलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (कर्ता/1st), एकवचन
स्यात्should be
स्यात्:
Kriya (क्रिया)
TypeVerb
Rootअस् (धातु)
Formविधिलिङ् (Potential/Optative), परस्मैपद, प्रथमपुरुष, एकवचन
चतुर्विंश-अङ्गुलःtwenty-four-aṅgulas (in length)
चतुर्विंश-अङ्गुलः:
Visheshana (विशेषण)
TypeAdjective
Rootचतुर्विंशत्-अङ्गुल (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (कर्ता/1st), एकवचन; द्विगु-समासः (संख्यापूर्वपद)
करःa cubit/forearm measure (kara)
करः:
Karta (कर्ता)
TypeNoun
Rootकर (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (कर्ता/1st), एकवचन
चतुर्-अङ्गुल-संयुक्तःcombined with four aṅgulas
चतुर्-अङ्गुल-संयुक्तः:
Visheshana (विशेषण)
TypeAdjective
Rootचतुर् + अङ्गुल + संयुक्त (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (कर्ता/1st), एकवचन; तत्पुरुषः (‘joined with four aṅgulas’)
सःthat
सः:
Karta (कर्ता)
TypeNoun
Rootतद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (कर्ता/1st), एकवचन
हस्तःa hasta (hand-measure)
हस्तः:
Karta (कर्ता)
TypeNoun
Rootहस्त (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (कर्ता/1st), एकवचन
पद्महस्तकः(called) padmahastaka
पद्महस्तकः:
Karta (कर्ता)
TypeNoun
Rootपद्म-हस्तक (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (कर्ता/1st), एकवचन; कर्मधारयः (‘lotus-hand measure’, name of a measure)

Lord Agni (in dialogue framework, teaching the sage Vasiṣṭha)

Vidya Category: {"primary_vidya":"Vastu","secondary_vidya":"Shilpa","practical_application":"Standardizes core anthropometric/craft measures (aṅgula, kara, hasta/padma-hasta) for temple planning and iconometric proportioning.","sutra_style":true}

Encyclopedic Reference: {"reference_type":"Definition","entry_title":"Aṅgula–Kara–Hasta (Padma-hasta) measure definitions","lookup_keywords":["aṅgula","yava","kara","hasta","padma-hasta"],"quick_summary":"Defines aṅgula as 8 yavas; kara as 24 aṅgulas; and a hasta formed by adding 4 aṅgulas to that measure, termed padma-hasta—used for consistent śilpa/vāstu measurement."}

Concept: Precision and shared standards enable sacred construction and image-making to be repeatable and ritually valid.

Application: Use these conversions when drafting temple plans, carving images, or specifying dimensions in contracts/śilpa manuals.

Khanda Section: Vāstu-śāstra / Pramāṇa-vidyā (iconometry and measurement science)

Primary Rasa: adbhuta

Secondary Rasa: shanta

Visual Art Cues: {"scene_description":"A craftsman’s measuring board shows barley grains grouped into eights to form an aṅgula; a scale marks 24 aṅgulas as a kara; then an extended mark adds 4 aṅgulas to indicate the padma-hasta, with labels and tick marks.","kerala_mural_prompt":"Kerala mural instructional scene: sthapati with measuring rod, stylized barley grains, marked ruler with aṅgula divisions, larger segments labeled kara and padma-hasta, temple-plan faintly in background, earthy tones","tanjore_prompt":"Tanjore painting: artisan and measuring rod with gold-highlighted tick marks, barley grains rendered as gold ovals, inscriptions ‘aṅgula’, ‘kara’, ‘padma-hasta’, ornate border","mysore_prompt":"Mysore style technical plate: precise ruler diagram, 8-yava = aṅgula, 24-aṅgula = kara, +4 aṅgula = padma-hasta, clear annotations, minimal decorative elements","mughal_miniature_prompt":"Mughal miniature workshop scene: artisan with measuring stick, assistant holding barley grains, annotated margins showing conversions, fine textile and tool detail, architectural drawing sheet nearby"}

Audio Atmosphere: {"recitation_mood":"instructional","suggested_raga":null,"pace":"medium","voice_tone":"instructional"}

Sandhi Resolution Notes: यवाष्टकैर् = यवाष्टकैः (विसर्ग/रेफ-सन्धि लेखन); स्याच्चतुर्विंशाङ्गुलः = स्यात् + चतुर्विंश-अङ्गुलः (च्-आगम/संयोग); नद्यद्रिषु is treated as नदि-अद्रिषु (द्वन्द्व) per variant note.

Related Themes: Agni Purana 39 (māna-paribhāṣā continuing from trasareṇu/yava to aṅgula/hasta)

A
Agni Purana
V
Vāstu-śāstra
P
Pramāṇa (measurement)
A
Aṅgula
Y
Yava
K
Kara
H
Hasta
P
Padma-hasta

FAQs

It defines a hierarchy of traditional measurement units—yava → aṅgula → kara → hasta (padma-hasta)—used in Vāstu, temple-building, and image-making to keep proportions standardized.

Beyond theology, the Agni Purana preserves practical technical sciences; here it records metrological standards essential for architecture and iconometry, showing the text’s coverage of applied knowledge alongside ritual and doctrine.

Accurate pramāṇas ensure that sacred structures and images are proportionate and ritually fit, supporting correct worship (pūjā) and the merit (puṇya) associated with properly executed religious construction.