Skanda Purana — Nagara Khanda, Shloka 12

Devanagari script

त्वं ब्रह्मा त्वं हृषीकेशस्त्वं शक्रस्त्वं हुताशनः । त्वं यज्ञस्त्वं वषट्कारस्त्वमिन्दुस्त्वं दिवाकरः

Transliteration

tvaṃ brahmā tvaṃ hṛṣīkeśastvaṃ śakrastvaṃ hutāśanaḥ | tvaṃ yajñastvaṃ vaṣaṭkārastvamindustvaṃ divākaraḥ

Translation

ତୁମେ ବ୍ରହ୍ମା, ତୁମେ ହୃଷୀକେଶ; ତୁମେ ଶକ୍ର (ଇନ୍ଦ୍ର), ତୁମେ ହୁତାଶନ (ଅଗ୍ନି)। ତୁମେ ଯଜ୍ଞ, ତୁମେ ବଷଟ୍କାର; ତୁମେ ଇନ୍ଦୁ (ଚନ୍ଦ୍ର), ତୁମେ ଦିବାକର (ସୂର୍ଯ୍ୟ)।

Word by Word

• tvam: you
• tvam: Karta (Subject/कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: tvad (प्रातिपदिक/सर्वनाम)
• Form: Second person pronoun; Nominative (1st/प्रथमा), Singular

• brahmā: Brahmā
• brahmā: Pratijñā/Predicate nominative (समानााधिकरण)
• Type: Noun
• Root: brahman (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Masculine, Nominative (1st/प्रथमा), Singular; proper noun/title

• tvam: you
• tvam: Karta (Subject/कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: tvad (प्रातिपदिक/सर्वनाम)
• Form: Second person pronoun; Nominative (1st/प्रथमा), Singular

• hṛṣīkeśaḥ: Hṛṣīkeśa (Lord of the senses)
• hṛṣīkeśaḥ: Pratijñā/Predicate nominative (समानााधिकरण)
• Type: Noun
• Root: hṛṣīka (प्रातिपदिक) + īśa (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Masculine, Nominative (1st/प्रथमा), Singular; tatpuruṣa (ṣaṣṭhī: ‘lord of the senses’)

• tvam: you
• tvam: Karta (Subject/कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: tvad (प्रातिपदिक/सर्वनाम)
• Form: Second person pronoun; Nominative (1st/प्रथमा), Singular

• śakraḥ: Śakra (Indra)
• śakraḥ: Pratijñā/Predicate nominative (समानााधिकरण)
• Type: Noun
• Root: śakra (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Masculine, Nominative (1st/प्रथमा), Singular; epithet of Indra

• tvam: you
• tvam: Karta (Subject/कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: tvad (प्रातिपदिक/सर्वनाम)
• Form: Second person pronoun; Nominative (1st/प्रथमा), Singular

• hutāśanaḥ: Hutāśana (Fire)
• hutāśanaḥ: Pratijñā/Predicate nominative (समानााधिकरण)
• Type: Noun
• Root: huta (√hu जुहोति, क्त/कृदन्त) + aśana (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Masculine, Nominative (1st/प्रथमा), Singular; tatpuruṣa (karmadhāraya-like sense: ‘eater of oblations’)

• tvam: you
• tvam: Karta (Subject/कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: tvad (प्रातिपदिक/सर्वनाम)
• Form: Second person pronoun; Nominative (1st/प्रथमा), Singular

• yajñaḥ: sacrifice
• yajñaḥ: Pratijñā/Predicate nominative (समानााधिकरण)
• Type: Noun
• Root: yajña (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Masculine, Nominative (1st/प्रथमा), Singular

• tvam: you
• tvam: Karta (Subject/कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: tvad (प्रातिपदिक/सर्वनाम)
• Form: Second person pronoun; Nominative (1st/प्रथमा), Singular

• vaṣaṭkāraḥ: the Vaṣaṭ-call (ritual exclamation)
• vaṣaṭkāraḥ: Pratijñā/Predicate nominative (समानााधिकरण)
• Type: Noun
• Root: vaṣaṭ (अव्यय/निपात as mantra-syllable) + kāra (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Masculine, Nominative (1st/प्रथमा), Singular; tatpuruṣa (‘utterance/form of vaṣaṭ’)

• tvam: you
• tvam: Karta (Subject/कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: tvad (प्रातिपदिक/सर्वनाम)
• Form: Second person pronoun; Nominative (1st/प्रथमा), Singular

• induḥ: the Moon
• induḥ: Pratijñā/Predicate nominative (समानााधिकरण)
• Type: Noun
• Root: indu (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Masculine, Nominative (1st/प्रथमा), Singular

• tvam: you
• tvam: Karta (Subject/कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: tvad (प्रातिपदिक/सर्वनाम)
• Form: Second person pronoun; Nominative (1st/प्रथमा), Singular

• divākaraḥ: Divākara (Sun)
• divākaraḥ: Pratijñā/Predicate nominative (समानााधिकरण)
• Type: Noun
• Root: divā (अव्यय/प्रातिपदिक) + kara (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Masculine, Nominative (1st/प्रथमा), Singular; tatpuruṣa (‘maker of day’)

Speaker

Viśvāmitra

Tirtha Mahatmya

Type: kshetra

Visual Art Cues

Scene: A hymn of identifications: the Lord appears as a composite cosmic figure—four-faced Brahmā crown, Viṣṇu’s conch/discus, Indra’s vajra, Agni’s flames—while sun and moon hover as eyes; below, a yajña-kuṇḍa with the vaṣaṭ-cry visualized as a golden syllable rising in smoke.

Characters & Entities

• Viśvāmitra
• Brahmā
• Hṛṣīkeśa
• Śakra (Indra)
• Agni (Hutāśana)
• Yajña
• Vaṣaṭkāra
• Indu (Moon)
• Divākara (Sun)

FAQs

What is the primary spiritual lesson of this shloka?

All divine powers, cosmic functions, and even ritual speech culminate in the One Lord; worship becomes all-inclusive rather than sectarian.

Which specific holy site (Tirtha) is glorified here?

No specific site is named; the verse sacralizes the entire cosmos, aligning tīrtha worship with universal divinity.

What ritualistic prescription is mentioned?

It references Vedic ritual elements (yajña, vaṣaṭkāra) but gives no step-by-step injunction.