कापिलं प्रथमं विद्धि प्राजापत्यं द्वितीयकम् । ब्राह्मं सौम्यं च सावित्रं बार्हस्पत्यं प्रभासकम्
kāpilaṃ prathamaṃ viddhi prājāpatyaṃ dvitīyakam | brāhmaṃ saumyaṃ ca sāvitraṃ bārhaspatyaṃ prabhāsakam
ପ୍ରଥମଟି ‘କାପିଲ’ ବୋଲି ଜାଣ, ଦ୍ୱିତୀୟଟି ‘ପ୍ରାଜାପତ୍ୟ’; ପରେ ‘ବ୍ରାହ୍ମ’, ‘ସୌମ୍ୟ’, ‘ସାବିତ୍ର’, ‘ବାର୍ହସ୍ପତ୍ୟ’ ଏବଂ ‘ପ୍ରଭାସକ’ (କଳ୍ପ) ଅଟେ।
A Purāṇic narrator (listing kalpa-names as taught by Devī)
Tirtha: Revā (Narmadā)
Type: river
Listener: Pāṇḍava
Scene: A didactic moment: the narrator recites a formal list of kalpas, as if reading from a sacred register, with subtle cosmic iconography (wheels, lotuses, sun/moon) behind.
By naming kalpas, the text anchors Narmadā’s praise in cosmic time, presenting her as a sacred presence recognized across ages.
Narmadā/Revā indirectly—these kalpa names belong to the narrative of her uninterrupted existence.
None; the verse is a cosmological enumeration supporting the Mahātmya.