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Shiva Purana — Rudra Samhita, Shloka 8

गजासुरतपः–देवलोकक्षोभः

Gajāsura’s Austerities and the Disturbance of the Worlds

तस्य मूर्ध्नः समुद्भूतस्सधूमोग्निस्तपोमयः । तिर्यगूर्ध्वमधोलोकास्तापयन्विष्वगीरितः

tasya mūrdhnaḥ samudbhūtassadhūmognistapomayaḥ | tiryagūrdhvamadholokāstāpayanviṣvagīritaḥ

ତାହାର ମୁଣ୍ଡରୁ ଧୂମସହିତ ତପୋମୟ ଅଗ୍ନି ଉଦ୍ଭବ ହେଲା; ସେ ଅଗ୍ନି ସର୍ବଦିଗରେ ପ୍ରସାରିତ ହୋଇ ତିର୍ୟକ୍, ଊର୍ଧ୍ୱ ଓ ଅଧୋଲୋକ—ସମସ୍ତ ଲୋକକୁ ତାପିତ କଲା।

tasyaof him, his
tasya:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/Genitive relation)
TypeNoun
Roottad (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
FormPuṃliṅga, Ṣaṣṭhī vibhakti (Genitive/6th), Ekavacana
mūrdhnaḥfrom (his) head
mūrdhnaḥ:
Apādāna (अपादान/Source)
TypeNoun
Rootmūrdhan (प्रातिपदिक)
FormPuṃliṅga, Pañcamī vibhakti (Ablative/5th), Ekavacana
samudbhūtaḥarisen, sprung forth
samudbhūtaḥ:
Viśeṣaṇa (विशेषण) of agniḥ
TypeAdjective
Rootsamudbhūta (कृदन्त; sam-ud-√bhū धातु PPP)
FormPuṃliṅga, Prathamā (Nominative/1st), Ekavacana; PPP used adjectivally
sa-dhūmaḥwith smoke
sa-dhūmaḥ:
Viśeṣaṇa (विशेषण) of agniḥ
TypeAdjective
Rootsa (अव्यय/उपसर्ग-सदृश) + dhūma (प्रातिपदिक)
FormPuṃliṅga, Prathamā (Nominative/1st), Ekavacana; कर्मधारयः—"धूमेन सह" (smoke-accompanied)
agniḥfire
agniḥ:
Karta (कर्ता/Subject)
TypeNoun
Rootagni (प्रातिपदिक)
FormPuṃliṅga, Prathamā (Nominative/1st), Ekavacana
tapo-mayaḥmade of tapas/heat (austerity-fire)
tapo-mayaḥ:
Viśeṣaṇa (विशेषण) of agniḥ
TypeAdjective
Roottapas (प्रातिपदिक) + maya (प्रातिपदिक)
FormPuṃliṅga, Prathamā (Nominative/1st), Ekavacana; तत्पुरुषः—"तपसा मयः" (consisting of austerity/heat)
tiryak-ūrdhvam-adhaḥsideways, upward, and downward
tiryak-ūrdhvam-adhaḥ:
Kriyā-viśeṣaṇa (क्रियाविशेषण)
TypeIndeclinable
Roottiryak (अव्यय) + ūrdhva (अव्यय/प्रातिपदिक used adverbially) + adhas (अव्यय)
FormDirectional adverbial dvandva (समाहार-द्वन्द्व) used as kriyā-viśeṣaṇa: "sideways, upwards, downwards"
lokānworlds, realms
lokān:
Karma (कर्म/Object)
TypeNoun
Rootloka (प्रातिपदिक)
FormPuṃliṅga, Dvitīyā (Accusative/2nd), Bahuvacana
tāpayanheating, scorching
tāpayan:
Kriyā (क्रिया) agreeing with agniḥ
TypeVerb
Roottāpaya (कृदन्त; causative of √tap धातु; present active participle)
FormVartamāna-kṛdanta (present active participle), Puṃliṅga, Prathamā (Nominative/1st), Ekavacana; causative sense (णिच्)
viṣvakeverywhere
viṣvak:
Kriyā-viśeṣaṇa (क्रियाविशेषण)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootviṣvak (अव्यय)
FormAvyaya; adverb meaning "everywhere, in all directions"
īritaḥsent forth, impelled
īritaḥ:
Viśeṣaṇa (विशेषण) of agniḥ
TypeAdjective
Rootīrita (कृदन्त; √īr (धातु) PPP)
FormPuṃliṅga, Prathamā (Nominative/1st), Ekavacana; PPP: "sent forth/impelled"; agrees with agniḥ

Suta Goswami

Tattva Level: pasha

Role: destructive

Cosmic Event: worlds scorched by tapas-agni spreading in all directions

S
Shiva

FAQs

The verse portrays tapas as a real spiritual potency: when aligned with Shiva (Pati), ascetic heat becomes a purifying force that burns impurities (pāśa) across all realms, pointing to inner transformation rather than mere physical austerity.

The smoke-laden fire symbolizes Shiva’s manifest (saguṇa) power that can be contemplated in Linga-worship—as the visible sign of the formless Lord—where devotion and disciplined practice generate purification that spreads beyond the individual to the whole “three-world” field of experience.

A practical takeaway is tapas-yukta japa: steady repetition of the Pañcākṣarī (“Om Namaḥ Śivāya”) with purity disciplines (bhasma/tripuṇḍra and restrained senses), visualizing Shiva’s purifying fire burning inner bondage and ignorance.