Rig Veda Sukta 1
Mandala 9Sukta 110 Mantras

Sukta 1

Sukta 9.1

Rishi

Madhucchandas (traditionally, Soma Pavamāna seer-line; attribution varies by Anukramaṇī traditions)

Devata

Soma Pavamāna (Soma in the act of purification/flowing); with Indra as recipient

Chandas

Gāyatrī (3 pādas × 8 syllables)

ସୋମ ପବମାନ ଗ୍ରନ୍ଥର ଏହି ଆରମ୍ଭିକ ସୂକ୍ତରେ ଚାପାଯାଇ ଛାଣାଯାଉଥିବା ସୋମଙ୍କୁ ଆହ୍ୱାନ କରାଯାଇଛି—ଇନ୍ଦ୍ରଙ୍କ ପାନାର୍ଥେ ସେ ଅତ୍ୟନ୍ତ ମଧୁର, ଉତ୍ସାହଦାୟକ ଧାରାରେ ପ୍ରବାହିତ ହେଉନ୍ତୁ ବୋଲି ପ୍ରାର୍ଥନା କରାଯାଏ। ମନ୍ତ୍ରଗୁଡ଼ିକ ଛାଣନୀ ମାଧ୍ୟମରେ ସୋମଙ୍କ ଶୁଦ୍ଧିକରଣ, ତାଙ୍କର ଉଜ୍ଜ୍ୱଳ ଶକ୍ତିରେ ସ୍ପଷ୍ଟୀକରଣ, ଏବଂ ତାହାର ଫଳରେ ଇନ୍ଦ୍ରଙ୍କ ବିଜୟୀ ପ୍ରଭାବର ଉଦ୍ଗାରକୁ ଅଙ୍କନ କରେ—ଯାହା ବାଧା (ବୃତ୍ର) ଭାଙ୍ଗେ ଓ ସମୃଦ୍ଧି ଆଣେ।

Recitation with translationRig Veda 9.1

Mantras

Mantra 1

स्वादिष्ठया मदिष्ठया पवस्व सोम धारया । इन्द्राय पातवे सुतः ॥

ହେ ସୋମ, ଅତିମଧୁର ଓ ଅତିମଦମୟ ଧାରାରେ ପବିତ୍ର ହୋଇ ବହ; ପିଷ୍ଟ ହୋଇ ଜନ୍ମିତ ତୁମେ ଇନ୍ଦ୍ରଙ୍କ ପାନ ପାଇଁ ଯୋଗ୍ୟ ହେଅ।

Mantra 2

रक्षोहा विश्वचर्षणिरभि योनिमयोहतम् । द्रुणा सधस्थमासदत् ॥

ରକ୍ଷୋହା, ବିଶ୍ୱଚର୍ଷଣି, ସେ ଯୋନି ଉପରେ ଅଭିମୁଖ ହୋଇ ଆସନ ଗ୍ରହଣ କରେ—ଲୋହାରେ ଘାତ ଦେଇ ଗଢ଼ାଯାଇଥିବା ପରି ଦୃଢ଼; ଏବଂ ସାଧାରଣ ଆଧାର ‘ସଧସ୍ଥ’ରେ ସ୍ଥିର ହୁଏ।

Mantra 3

वरिवोधातमो भव मंहिष्ठो वृत्रहन्तमः । पर्षि राधो मघोनाम् ॥

ହେ ସୋମ (ଇନ୍ଦୁ), ଆମ ପାଇଁ ବିଶାଳ ଅବକାଶ (ଵରିଵସ୍) ସ୍ଥାପନ କରୁଥିବାମାନଙ୍କ ମଧ୍ୟରେ ସର୍ବଶ୍ରେଷ୍ଠ ହେଉ; ସର୍ବାଧିକ ଦାତା, ସର୍ବାଧିକ ପରାକ୍ରମୀ ଵୃତ୍ରହନ୍ତ ହେଉ। ମଘବାନମାନଙ୍କ—ଦାନବୀରମାନଙ୍କ—ର ରାଧସ୍ (ଧନ-ସମୃଦ୍ଧି) ଆମକୁ ପାର କରା।

Mantra 4

अभ्यर्ष महानां देवानां वीतिमन्धसा । अभि वाजमुत श्रवः ॥

ହେ ସୋମ, ତୋର ପିଷ୍ଟ ଆନନ୍ଦ (ଅନ୍ଧସ୍) ସହିତ ମହାନ ଦେବମାନଙ୍କର ଵୀତି—ଯଜ୍ଞ-ଭୋଜନ—ପାଖକୁ ଧାରାବାହି ହେଉ; ଏବଂ ଵାଜ (ବଳର ସମୃଦ୍ଧି) ଓ ଶ୍ରଵସ୍ (ପ୍ରକାଶମୟ ଯଶ) ପାଖକୁ ମଧ୍ୟ ଧାରାବାହି ହେଉ।

Mantra 5

त्वामच्छा चरामसि तदिदर्थं दिवेदिवे । इन्दो त्वे न आशसः ॥

ହେ ଇନ୍ଦୁ, ଏହି ଏକେଇ ଲକ୍ଷ୍ୟ ପାଇଁ ଆମେ ତୋ ପାଖକୁ ପୁନଃପୁନଃ ଆସୁ—ଦିନେଦିନେ; କାରଣ ତୋ ମଧ୍ୟରେ ହିଁ ଆମର ଆଶାମାନେ ନିବାସ କରେ।

Mantra 6

पुनाति ते परिस्रुतं सोमं सूर्यस्य दुहिता । वारेण शश्वता तना ॥

ସୂର୍ଯ୍ୟର ଦୁହିତା ତୋର ପରି-ସ୍ରୁତ ସୋମକୁ ପବିତ୍ର କରେ; ନିଜ ସନାତନ ଜଳ-ଛାଣଣୀଦ୍ୱାରା—ସତ୍ତାର ଦୀପ୍ତ ବିବେକଶକ୍ତି, ଯାହା ଆନନ୍ଦକୁ ଛାଣି ନିର୍ମଳ ସତ୍ୟରେ ପରିଣତ କରେ।

Mantra 7

तमीमण्वीः समर्य आ गृभ्णन्ति योषणो दश । स्वसारः पार्ये दिवि ॥

ତାହାକୁ ସୂକ୍ଷ୍ମ-ଗତିଶୀଳ କନ୍ୟାମାନେ ଧରି ନିକଟକୁ ଆଣନ୍ତି, ସାମୂହିକ ଗତିରେ—ଦୂର ଦିବିରେ ଦଶ ଭଗିନୀ; ସୋମକୁ ଗ୍ରହଣ କରି ଆମ ଭିତରେ ତାହାର ଆରୋହଣ ପାଇଁ ପ୍ରସ୍ତୁତି କରୁଥିବା ଅନେକ ସମନ୍ୱୟଶକ୍ତି।

Mantra 8

तमीं हिन्वन्त्यग्रुवो धमन्ति बाकुरं दृतिम् । त्रिधातु वारणं मधु ॥

ତାହାକୁ ଅଶ୍ରାନ୍ତମାନେ ପ୍ରେରଣା ଦିଅନ୍ତି; ସେମାନେ ସାର ଧାରଣ କରୁଥିବା ଚର୍ମ-ଥଳିକୁ ଫୁଙ୍କନ୍ତି—ତ୍ରିଧାତୁ କ୍ରମରେ ରକ୍ଷିତ ମଧୁ; ପରିବର୍ତ୍ତନର କର୍ମ ପାଇଁ ତ୍ରିବିଧ ଆଧାରରେ ସ୍ଥିର ଆନନ୍ଦ।

Mantra 9

अभीममघ्न्या उत श्रीणन्ति धेनवः शिशुम् । सोममिन्द्राय पातवे ॥

ତାହାର ଚାରିପାଖେ ଅଘ୍ନ୍ୟା—ଅହିଂସ୍ୟ ଗାଈମାନେ—ଏବଂ ପୋଷକ ଧେନୁମାନେ ଏହି ଶିଶୁରୂପ ସୋମକୁ ମିଶାଇ ସମୃଦ୍ଧ କରନ୍ତି; ଇନ୍ଦ୍ରଙ୍କ ପାନ ପାଇଁ ସୋମକୁ ପ୍ରସ୍ତୁତ କରନ୍ତି।

Mantra 10

अस्येदिन्द्रो मदेष्वा विश्वा वृत्राणि जिघ्नते । शूरो मघा च मंहते ॥

ଏହି ସୋମର ମଦମାନେ ଇନ୍ଦ୍ର ନିଶ୍ଚୟ ସମସ୍ତ ବୃତ୍ର—ବାଧାମାନଙ୍କୁ—ବଧ କରନ୍ତି; ଶୂର ବଳରେ ଓ ଦାନରେ ବୃଦ୍ଧି ପାଏ।

Inside Sukta 1

How it unfolds

  1. Where it opens

    A direct imperative: Soma is urged to flow in the sweetest, most exhilarating stream for Indra to drink (RV 9.1.1).

  2. Development

    Purification imagery intensifies—Soma’s movement, straining, and brightening are linked to cosmic agencies, including the ‘Daughter of the Sun’ as a purifying, discriminating power (RV 9.1.6).

  3. Climax

    The purified Soma becomes the decisive force behind Indra’s conquest: in soma-ecstasy Indra strikes down all obstructions (vṛtrāṇi) (RV 9.1.10).

  4. Where it settles

    The hymn settles in the assurance that clarified delight, rightly offered, yields strength and bounty—victory and generosity increasing together in the sacrificer’s world.

The deity: Soma Pavamāna

  • In the VedaSoma is the pressed plant-juice made divine: as Pavamāna he is ‘self-purifying/flowing clear,’ rushing through the fleece-filter, becoming bright, sweet, and intoxicating, fit for the gods—especially Indra.
  • Cosmic functionHe mediates between earth and heaven as a consecrated essence: purified delight that empowers divine action, strengthens Indra for the victory over obstructive forces, and sustains ṛta through sacrificial circulation.
  • Inner significanceThe hymn presents purification as an inner yoga of clarity: raw impulse and delight are strained through discriminative light (‘sun’s daughter’ imagery), yielding a refined force that energizes will (Indra) to overcome inner resistances and expand luminous capacity.

The seer

  • MadhucchandasVāsiṣṭha (traditionally connected with the Vasiṣṭha line; Anukramaṇī attributions vary for Pavamāna hymns) · A prominent early seer associated with foundational Rigvedic utterance and with the Soma-Pavamāna visionary stream; remembered for hymns that set a template for praise-and-invocation (stuti–āhvāna).

Famous verses

svādiṣṭhayā madiṣṭhayā pavasva soma
Verse 9.1.1Programmatic opening of the Pavamāna book: it names Soma’s sweetest, most exhilarating flow and explicitly states the purpose—Indra’s drinking and empowerment.Read verse 9.1.1 →
sūryasya duhitā punāti
Verse 9.1.6Key purification image: ‘Sūryasya duhitā’ purifies the streaming Soma, expressing the principle that luminous discernment strains delight into clarity.Read verse 9.1.6 →
viśvā vṛtrāṇi jighnate
Verse 9.1.10Culminating effect-statement: Soma’s purified ecstasy becomes Indra’s power to destroy all vṛtras (obstructions) and to grow in might and gifts.Read verse 9.1.10 →

Attributes of the deity

  • pavamāna (purifying/flowing)
  • svādiṣṭha (most sweet)
  • madiṣṭha (most exhilarating)
  • pressed (suta) and offered
  • clarifying/brightening through filtration
  • power-giving to Indra
  • obstacle-breaking efficacy via Indra’s soma-ecstasy

Also by this seer

  • Traditionally linked with RV 1.1 (Agni hymn) in some recensional/Anukramaṇī traditions
  • Associated in tradition with early gāyatrī-style invocations and the opening tone of ritual praise

The rite, step by step

  • Press Soma (savana) to express the juice (suta).
  • Mix/prepare with water and guide it toward the straining apparatus.
  • Strain through the fleece/filter (pavitra) so it ‘flows clear’ (pavamāna).
  • Collect the clarified Soma in vessels; recite/chant Pavamāna verses over the flowing stream.
  • Make libations/offerings to Indra (and allied deities as appropriate) and distribute the remainder according to rite.

Offerings

  • Clarified Soma juice (pavamāna)
  • Water used in mixing/straining
  • Optional adjuncts per ritual tradition (e.g., milk/curds) accompanying Soma preparation

Frequently Asked Questions

It means Soma “as he is being purified/flowing clear” through the filter after pressing. The hymn praises this clarified Soma while it streams and becomes fit to offer.

Indra is the main drinker of Soma in many rites. The hymn says Soma’s purified exhilaration strengthens Indra, enabling him to overcome obstacles (vṛtra) and support prosperity.

It is a poetic image for a luminous purifying agency—often understood as the bright, discriminating power associated with the filtering/clarifying process (and sometimes linked with dawn-like radiance). It expresses how Soma is refined into clear, truthful potency.

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