Rig Veda 7.19.8: Mandala 7, Sukta 19, Mantra 8

Sukta 7.19

Rishi: Vasiṣṭha (Vasiṣṭha-gotra tradition for Maṇḍala 7; hymn context Indra-stuti)

Devata: Indra

Chandas: Triṣṭubh (likely; RV 7 Indra hymns predominantly Triṣṭubh—verify against pada count in critical edition)

Samhita Patha (Devanagari)

प्रियास इत्ते मघवन्नभिष्टौ नरो मदेम शरणे सखायः । नि तुर्वशं नि याद्वं शिशीह्यतिथिग्वाय शंस्यं करिष्यन् ॥

Transliteration

priyā́sa ít te maghavann abhíṣṭau náro madema śaráṇe sákhāyaḥ | ní turváśaṃ ní yā́dvaṃ śiśīhy atithigvā́ya śáṃsyaṃ kariṣyán ||

Translation

ହେ ମଘବନ୍ (ଇନ୍ଦ୍ର), ତୁମ ପ୍ରିୟ ଅଭିଷ୍ଟ (ଇଚ୍ଛିତ) ସାନ୍ନିଧ୍ୟରେ ଆମେ ନରଃ (ବୀରମାନେ) ଶରଣରେ ସଖା ହୋଇ ଆନନ୍ଦ କରୁ। ତୁର୍ବଶକୁ ଦମନ କର, ଯାଦ୍ୱକୁ ଦମନ କର; ଅତିଥିଗ୍ୱା (ଅତିଥି-ଦ୍ରଷ୍ଟା) ପାଇଁ ଶଂସ୍ୟ (ପ୍ରଶଂସନୀୟ) କାର୍ଯ୍ୟ ସାଧନ କରିବାକୁ ତୁମ ସଙ୍କଳ୍ପକୁ ତୀକ୍ଷ୍ଣ କର (ଶିଶୀହି)।

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Word by Word

• प्रियासः: dear, beloved (ones)
• प्रियासः: Kartā (वाक्य-कर्तृ/विशेष्यः ‘नराः’)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: प्रिय (प्रातिपदिक) < PIE *prih₁- (dear) (semantic)

• इत्: indeed, just
• इत्: —
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: इत् (निपात)

• ते: of you
• ते: सम्बन्ध (possessor)
• Type: Pronoun
• Root: त्वद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)

• मघवन्: O bountiful one (Indra)
• मघवन्: सम्बोधन
• Type: Noun (epithet)
• Root: मघवन् (प्रातिपदिक; इन्द्र-विशेषण)

• अभिष्टौ: in (your) help, in assistance
• अभिष्टौ: Adhikaraṇa (स्थितिः/अवसरः: ‘in the help/aid’)
• Type: Noun
• Root: अभिष्टि (प्रातिपदिक)

• नरः: men, heroes
• नरः: Kartā
• Type: Noun
• Root: नर (प्रातिपदिक)

• मदेम: may we rejoice / be exhilarated
• मदेम: — (क्रिया)
• Type: Verb
• Root: मद् (धातु)

• शरणे: in (your) shelter, protection
• शरणे: Adhikaraṇa
• Type: Noun
• Root: शरण (प्रातिपदिक)

• सखायः: friends, companions
• सखायः: Kartā (apposition to ‘नरः’)
• Type: Noun
• Root: सखि (प्रातिपदिक)

• नि: down, forth; (as preverb)
• नि: —
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: नि (उपसर्ग/निपात)

• तुर्वशम्: Turvaśa (a man/tribe)
• तुर्वशम्: Karma
• Type: Proper Noun
• Root: तुर्वश (प्रातिपदिक; जन/राजन्-नाम)

• नि: down, forth; (as preverb)
• नि: —
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: नि (उपसर्ग/निपात)

• याद्वम्: Yādva (a man/tribe)
• याद्वम्: Karma
• Type: Proper Noun
• Root: याद्व (प्रातिपदिक; जन/राजन्-नाम)

• शिशीहि: impel, set in motion; drive (them)
• शिशीहि: — (क्रिया; आज्ञा)
• Type: Verb
• Root: शिशी (धातु; intens./desid. sense ‘to sharpen/urge on, set in motion’)

• अतिथिग्वाय: for Atithigva
• अतिथिग्वाय: Sampradāna
• Type: Proper Noun
• Root: अतिथिग्व (प्रातिपदिक; ऋषि-नाम)

• शंस्यम्: a praiseworthy (deed/act)
• शंस्यम्: Karma (as object/complement of ‘करिष्यन्’)
• Type: Adjective (verbal)
• Root: शंस्य (कृदन्त-प्रातिपदिक; √शंस् ‘to praise’ → शंस्य ‘praiseworthy/fit to be praised’)

• करिष्यन्: about to do / intending to make
• करिष्यन्: Kartā (participial predicate: ‘(you) being about to do’)
• Type: Verb (participle)
• Root: कृ (धातु) + भविष्यत्-कृदन्त (करिष्यत्)